Logpage. project 4 Eureka! Inventions. How / and why objects can. float. king s crown was solid gold. or not. Archimedes Had to prove whether the

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1 project 4 Eureka! Logpage Note down your findings throughout Project 4 here. Inventions Name of the speaker or the inventor(s) The problem / The original intention Archimedes Had to prove whether the king s crown was solid gold or not. Name and description of the invention (indicate date and place when possible) How / and why objects can float How the invention works The benefits of the invention Project 4 - Eureka!

2 LANGUAGE SKILLS Book p WORDS A Terminaisons en -ate a. Les verbes activate, innovate, facilitate et operate suivent la même règle d accentuation. Soulignez, pour chacun d entre eux, la syllabe accentuée ; aidez-vous du dictionnaire si besoin. activate - innovate - facilitate - operate Dites quelle est cette syllabe : b. Vérifiez ensuite l accentuation de create dans votre dictionnaire ; en quoi est-elle différente?... Trouvez d autres verbes de deux syllabes se terminant par -ate et vérifiez leur accentuation.... c. En conclusion : Les verbes de deux syllabes se terminant par -ate sont accentués Les verbes de plus de deux syllabes se terminant par -ate sont accentués B Unplug, disconnect : préfixes séparables a. Les énoncés ci-dessous contiennent des verbes à préfixe. Surlignez ces verbes : 1. After the election the manager resigned. 2. After the election the votes were recounted. Le préfixe re- peut être séparable ou non : dans recount, ici, il indique une répétition (count again), mais dans resign le préfixe re- n est pas séparable (resign ne signifie pas sign again!). Quand il est séparable, le préfixe re- est accentué. Recount a ainsi deux accents : re count ; resign n est, lui, qu accentué sur la deuxième syllabe : re sign. b. Comment accentueriez-vous les mots suivants? Soulignez la ou les syllabe(s) accentuée(s) puis vérifiez vos réponses dans un dictionnaire. disconnect - deactivate - unplug - reset - disassemble - reactivate - unblock - rediscover Entraînez-vous à lire ces mots à voix haute. C Synonymes : origine latine / origine germanique En anglais, un grand nombre de mots d origine germanique ont des équivalents d origine latine. Connaître ces équivalences peut vous aider à retrouver plus rapidement le sens des mots d origine germanique. Pour vous faciliter la tâche, commencez par apprendre les mots d origine latine, car proches du français, ils sont plus faciles à mémoriser. Dans les trois phrases ci-dessous, les mots en gras sont tous des mots d origine latine. Trouvez leurs équivalents dans la liste suivante et complétez ensuite le tableau. fit with find out come up with make easier switch on switch off breakthrough 1. In 1675, Hennig Brand discovered the properties of phosphorus. About a century later, a Swedish chemist invented matches.

This revolution really facilitates cooking.

3 2. First, connect your TV set to the socket. Press the power button to activate the machine, press it again if you want to deactivate it. If you don t intend to use it for a long time, don t forget to disconnect it from the socket. 3. Microwave oven are now equipped with a sensor that detects when the food is ready to eat. This revolution really facilitates cooking. discover invent activate deactivate find out be equipped with revolution facilitate D Dérivation Complétez le texte suivant à l aide de mots dérivés de ceux en gras : A complete success! His invention was totally. Robert had never hoped he would in creating a refrigerator that could power itself automatically (in other words, this refrigerator was ). All along, he had thought he would fail and never finish it but actually, it was not a at all. E Préparer un exposé publicitaire Vous êtes le génial inventeur de l objet ci-dessous : A penknife The new universal penknife Lors de sa présentation, vous avez pu dire : going camping or on an expedition? You ve got a penknife haven t you? Your penknife has got attachments like scissors, a nail file and a toothpick. Now are those attachments really necessary? How can a nail file help you if you meet a dangerous animal? What can you do wih scissors if the place you want to sleep in is dirty? Can you eat spaghetti with a toothpick? Here is the new universal penknife. It will never let you down. a. Lisez le passage silencieusement et assurez-vous que vous le comprenez ; vérifiez dans un dictionnaire si besoin est : b. Avant de le dire à voix haute : soulignez les mots qui portent le sens de cet exposé publicitaire (pensez à ne surligner que les syllabes accentuées de ces mots (formes fortes). surlignez toutes les syllabes qui seront réduites (formes faibles). à l aide de votre manuel page 179, indiquez les endroits où l intonation descend (k) et ceux où l intonation monte (s). Project 4 - Eureka!

4 F Word bank Ce travail sur trois mots-clés du chapitre va vous permettre de revoir et/ou d apprendre beaucoup d autres mots qui leur sont liés. machine discover ingenious Phrase(s) dans laquelle / lesquelles j ai rencontré ce mot Domaine de sens auquel je peux le rattacher progress/science Nature du mot nom verbe adjectif Définition Ne pas oublier! Prononciation Mots proches synonymes device, Mots éloignés antonymes silly, Quelques mots de la même famille (avec leur nature, et leur sens) discovery (n.), Ne pas confondre! (homophones, homonymes ) Collocations, tournures idiomatiques rage against the machine, Proverbes, dictons 4

5 LANGUAGE SKILLS Book p SPEAKING 3 Réfléchir sur la langue : used to Lorsque vous avez parlé des inventions, vous avez pu dire : 1. Before Mrs Cochran invented the dishwasher, people used to wash their dishes by hand. 2. Before Gutenberg invented the printing press, every book and every document used to be hand written. 3. Before Otis invented a braking system for elevators, it used to be very difficult to lift very heavy charges. a. Rappelez en français ce que signifient ces énoncés : b. Ces énoncés sont composés d une proposition principale et d une subordonnée. Choisissez l un de ces énoncés et surlignez-en la principale. Entourez la conjonction de subordination. c. Dans la proposition principale de l énoncé 1, soulignez la forme verbale et décrivez-la :... d. Dans ce même énoncé 1., au lieu de people used to wash their dishes by hand on aurait pu dire simplement people washed their dishes by hand avec le verbe WASH au prétérit simple. D après vous, pourquoi a-t-on employé USED TO? e. Placez les termes ci-dessous sur le diagramme : now - people wash dishes by hand - invention of dishwasher On peut voir l invention du lave-vaisselle comme un seuil qui sépare le passé du présent. Après son invention, nos habitudes ne sont plus les mêmes qu avant. C est la différence essentielle entre USED TO et le prétérit simple : le prétérit simple nous parle seulement du passé mais USED TO nous parle du passé par opposition au présent. Le français n a pas de verbe équivalent qui corresponde au sens de USED TO. Pour le traduire on fera plutôt appel à un adverbe ou à un complément de temps. Pouvez-vous en suggérer?.... Project 4 - Eureka!

6 f. Bien entendu, étant donné sa signification, USED TO n existe pas au présent, mais sa forme change dans les énoncés négatifs et interrogatifs : 4. People didn t use to watch television in the 6o s as much as today. 5. Did you use to smoke when you were younger? Dites comment USED TO a changé dans ces énoncés et expliquez pourquoi. Dites comment vous comprenez ces deux phrases Réfléchir sur la langue : utiliser le présent pour parler d une hypothèse Voici des énoncés que vous avez sans doute utilisés : 1. You will have a lot more free time when you get a Roomba! 2. Once Calvin is rich, he will be able to hire somebody to take his tests. 3. As soon as you use this extraordinary invention, you will ask yourself why it wasn t invented earlier. a. Rappelez en français le sens de ces énoncés : b. Ces énoncés sont composés de deux propositions : une proposition principale et une proposition subordonnée. Choisissez un énoncé : surlignez la principale et entourez la conjonction de subordination. Dites quelle information supplémentaire la proposition subordonnée apporte. c. Soulignez maintenant les formes verbales dans les deux propositions de l énoncé que vous avez choisi. Que constatez-vous? Dans la proposition principale le verbe est Dans la proposition subordonnée, on trouve Quand on utilise un énoncé de ce type, on s appuie sur une proposition (par exemple : When you get a Roomba) pour en affirmer une deuxième (you will have a lot more free time). On peut dire que when you get a Roomba constitue une sorte de condition à la réalisation de you will have a lot more free time. Cette condition est posée comme acquise / appartenant au domaine du très possible, c est pourquoi elle est au présent. d. D après vous, pourquoi ce point peut-il poser problème aux francophones? e. Observez maintenant l énoncé ci-dessous : 4. When Roomba knocks into something, its bumper retracts.

7 Dites en français comment vous le comprenez.... Quelles sont les formes verbales utilisées dans la principale et la subordonnée ici?... Comparez cet énoncé aux trois énoncés vus dans la première partie. Quelle différence remarquezvous? Quelle explication pouvez-vous avancer? READING 8 Chronology In the early 1970s, Art Fry, who worked for 3M, was in search of a bookmark for his church hymnal that would neither fall out nor damage the hymnal. Fry noticed that a colleague at 3M, Dr. Spencer Silver, had developed an adhesive that was strong enough to stick to surfaces, but left no residue after removal and could be repositioned. Fry took some of Dr. Silver s adhesive and applied it along the edge of a piece of paper. Fry soon realized that his bookmark had other potential functions when he used it to leave a note on a work file. This bookmark was a new way to communicate and to organize work. 3M Corporation crafted the name Post-it note for Fry s bookmarks and began production in the late 70s for commercial use. In 1977, test-markets failed to show consumer interest. However in 1979, 3M launched a massive advertising campaign, and the Post-it note took off. Today, we see Post-it notes peppered across files, computers, desks, and doors in offices and homes throughout the country. Dr Silver develops a repositionable adhesive early 1970s NOW 9 Compound nouns Elisha Otis invented the railway safety brake. In early life he tried to start several businesses but health problems kept him from being successful. Finally in 1845 he became a master mechanic. He worked at a bedstead factory where he invented a railway safety brake. In 1854 he presented a demonstration of the elevator brake at the Crystal Palace Exposition. The brake worked perfectly. It helped make skyscrapers a reality. Project 4 - Eureka!

8 WRITING 11 Réfléchir sur la langue : Can / Must et leurs équivalents a. Lorsque vous avez parlé des téléphones portables, vous avez pu dire : I think cell phones are an absolute necessity / a must: 1. You must have one if you don t want to look old-fashioned. 2. You must get one if you can t spend a day without talking to your friends. They are really useful: 3. They save time when you have to make urgent calls. 4. They can remember all your important phone numbers. You don t have to learn them by heart. 5. They can save your life if you are lost in the jungle, or caught in an avalanche. 6. They allow you to get in touch with the rest of the world wherever you are. 7. They can also identify who is calling and you don t have to answer if you don t want to. Rappelez en français ce que ces énoncés signifient Surlignez de deux couleurs différentes tous les verbes ou expressions qui expriment la possibilité et tous ceux qui expriment l obligation (ou l absence d obligation). Ces énoncés montrent qu en anglais, il existe b. Vous avez aussi pu dire ou écrire : 8. Soon, we won t have to use our computers so much because we ll be able to receive and send s with our cell phones. It will also be possible to watch television on our cell phones. 9. Ten years ago, you used to have to recharge cell phones very often and it did not use to be possible to take pictures or make films with them.

Pouvez-vous dire pourquoi CAN et MUST n apparaissent pas : Dans l énoncé 8?

9 Soulignez de deux couleurs différentes les formes qui expriment la possibilité (ou l absence de possibilité) et l obligation (ou l absence d obligation). Pouvez-vous dire pourquoi CAN et MUST n apparaissent pas : Dans l énoncé 8? Dans l énoncé 8? PRACTICALS Book p , 54 Three inventions Book p Highlight what you understand. Project 4 - Eureka!

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11 A robot? A vacuum cleaner? A Roomba! Book p. 54 Highlight the important information. Legend: Colour 1 Original problem Colour 2 How Roomba works Colour 3 Its advantages Project 4 - Eureka! 11

12 Debriefing Before working on Your project, fill in chart 1 and compare what you have learnt with what your classmates have learnt. Fill in chart 2 after working on Your project. 1 What I have done In Steps 1 and 2 Activities / Documents What I have learnt / What I have learnt to do (say it in French if you can t say it in English) I have talked about an invention I have always dreamt of. I have taken notes while listening to people. I have discovered the original idea that led to an invention. I have looked up words in an English dictionary. I have talked and written about the history of an invention. I have explained how a machine or a device works. 2 Where I stand When I worked on the final project, I was able to: With a lot of help With a little help f With no help ä 3 corresponding line in your progress booklet: A2-3 B1-2 Sort out the main idea from the details in an informative passage about inventions. Use information from different parts of the passage to do a specific task. Follow a presentation with clear and simple explanations on an invention. Interrupt politely when I did not agree when I had not understood, or when I wanted to know more. line 00 line 00 line 00 line 00 B1-2 Talk about an invention from notes. line 00 Note down your assessment in your progress booklet p

But if the future of technology is in wearable computers, as some believe, then the Offspring Wearable prototypes are a step in the right direction.

13 3 What I need to work on 1. Sorting out the main idea from the details in an informative passage about a familiar issue Read the two texts below. 1 SUBSTANCE AND STYLE Inventor: Motorola and Frog Design The fashion and high-tech industries rarely see eye to eye. But if the future of technology is in wearable computers, as some believe, then the Offspring Wearable prototypes are a step in the right direction. These sunglasses don t just look cool they also house a tiny digital camera lens (which peeks out from a pinhole opening above the right lens) as well as a miniature display inside the left lens for reading or looking up information online. An earpiece for your cell phone pops out from the side of the glasses. It s all part of a wearable wireless system that includes a two-way-radio watch, a PDA and other add-ons. Availability: In 2006 To learn more: motorola.com/lden 2 More Inventions Pick an Invention Back to Basics WINDUP CELL PHONE Inventors: Freeplay Energy & Motorola Tired of having your cell-phone battery go dead just when you need it most? FreeCharge is a half-pound, handcranked generator that you can attach to your cell phone and turn for 30 sec. to generate enough juice for five minutes of talk time. The first version will work on most Motorola phones; the next ones will power other makers phones. This is the third in a series of windup electronic devices originally designed for use in developing nations. The first two the Freeplay radio and flashlight have been surprise hits in the U.S. Availability: In 2002, for $65 To Learn More: Using your logpage, highlight the important information about these two inventions. Project 4 - Eureka! 13

2. Using an English dictionary to find out the meaning of a word Read text or again. Check the words you don t know in a monolingual dictionary. Paying attention to parts of speech (noun? adjective?

14 2. Using an English dictionary to find out the meaning of a word Read text or again. Check the words you don t know in a monolingual dictionary. Paying attention to parts of speech (noun? adjective? verb? etc.) can help you find the right definition Writing a short paragraph about a familiar subject Read the following notes about The Loc8tor. THE LOC8TOR before: if items lost Q pray to St. Anthony. Now: Loc8tor radio-frequency-emitting tags to attach to your belongings if object lost, Loc8tor gives direction + tags emit beeps. very precise: gives location within an inch problem: what if you lose the Loc8tor? Refer to your logpage to organize these notes under headings. It will help you present this invention in a few lines. 14

Learning French: Lost in Translation 5 common mistakes from students

Learning French: Lost in Translation 5 common mistakes from students Table of Contents About the author.. Introduction: When literal translation doesn t work.. 3 4 1. Room : chambre /pièce... 5 2. Time