List of Figures and Tables...

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1 Contents List of Figures and Tables... page viii List of Contributors... xiii introduction: Regimes, Revolutions, and the Materiality of Power in Eurasian Archaeology...1 Charles W. Hartley, G. Bike Yazıcıoğlu, and Adam T. Smith Part I. The Rhetoric of Regime and the Ideology of Revolution 11 1 Archaeology and the National Idea in Eurasia Victor A. Shnirelman 2 National History and Identity Narratives in the People s Republic of China: Cultural Heritage Interpretation in Xinjiang Gwen P. Bennett 3 Yerevan, My Ancient Erebuni : Archaeological Repertoires, Public Assemblages, and the Manufacture of a (Post-)Soviet Nation Adam T. Smith 4 Violence and Power Visualized: Representations of Military Encounters between Central Asia and the Achaemenid Persian Empire Wu Xin v in this web service

2 vi Contents 5 Public versus Private: Perspectives on the Communication of Power in Ancient Chorasmia Fiona Kidd, Michelle Negus Cleary, and Elizabeth Baker Brite 6 Lines of Power: Equality or Hierarchy among the Iron Age Agro-pastoralists of Southeastern Kazakhstan Claudia Chang Part II. Materialities of Homeland, Practices of Expansion Homelands in the Present and in the Past: Political Implications of a Dangerous Concept Philip L. Kohl 8 Processes and Practices of Death: Toward a Bioarchaeology of Dynamic Societies Maureen E. Marshall 9 Ritualization of Weapons in a Contact Zone: Between the Past and the Present Katheryn M. Linduff and Yang Jianhua 10 Ethos, Materiality, and Paradigms of Political Action in Early Medieval Communities of the Northwestern Caspian Region Irina Lita Shingiray 11 Legitimacy and Power: The Making of the Imperial Liao Heartland Hu Lin 12 A Bioarchaeological Study of Xiongnu Expansion in Iron Age Tuva, South Siberia Eileen M. Murphy Part III. Regimes of the Body, Revolutions of Value Kazakhstan, Postsocialist Transition, and the Problem of Multiple Materialities Victor Buchli in this web service

3 Contents vii 14 Forging Social Networks: Metallurgy and the Politics of Value in Bronze Age Eurasia David L. Peterson 15 Where Pottery and Politics Meet: Mundane Objects and Complex Political Life in the Late Bronze Age South Caucasus Alan F. Greene 16 Revolutions within Production Regimes: A Study of Technical Variation in Kura-Araxes Horizon Pottery of the Eastern Caucasus MaryFran Heinsch 17 Beastly Goods: Pastoral Production in the Late Bronze Age Tsaghkahovit Plain Belinda H. Monahan 18 From Regimes to Revolutions: Technology and Technique at the Bronze Age Tell at Százhalombatta, Hungary Joanna Sofaer 19 On Archaeology and Politics across Eurasia Geoff Emberling References Index in this web service

4 Figures and Tables Figures 1.1 Silver coin devoted to the Year of the Aryan Civilization, Tajikistan page Vladimir Putin and Anatoly Kirpichnikov in Staraia Ladoga The Saka column in Almaty Long live the great unity of people of all nationalities Bronze statue of Chinghis Khan, Inner Mongolia Museum, Hohhot Soviet Orientalism Soviet classicism Front of the Matenadaran with statue of Mesrop Mashtots Soviet National Memorial to the Armenian Genocide, Tsitsernakaberd Hill, Yerevan Map of the Achaemenid Empire (ca BC), with Central Asia noted in gray circle Photograph of a modern impression of a chalcedony cylinder seal depicting a pair of Persian warriors fighting against two Saka or Sogdian enemies Photograph of a modern impression of a chalcedony cylinder seal depicting an Elamite hero defeating Bactrian or Parthian warriors Photograph of a modern impression of a chalcedony cylinder seal depicting a Persian hero taking captives of a Saka and a Bactrian (or Parthian?) warrior Photograph of a stamp seal from Bolsena (Italy) representing a horseman in Persian battle attire fighting against a Greek hoplite viii in this web service

5 List of Figures and Tables ix 4.6 Photograph of a modern impression of a chalcedony cylinder seal depicting a Persian hero slaughtering an Egyptian pharaoh while leading four other Egyptian captives The KY10 complex plan and the Kazakly-yatkan schematic site plan Map of western Central Asia, with inset map showing the location of Chorasmian sites discussed in the text Map showing ancient period Chorasmian sites, and temporal site scale graph showing numbers of fortresses of different construction periods plotted against their site area A portrait head fragment from the western corridor of the KY10 complex Digitized tracing of a painted fragment from the western corridor of the KY10 complex A dated view on the homeland(s) and expansion of the Indo-Germanen Distinctive forms of biological and cultural evolution Excavated Middle Bronze, Late Bronze, and Iron I mortuary sites in Armenia Tsaghkahovit Burial Cluster Partially articulated interment, Ts BC12 Burial Secondary interment, Ts BC12 Burial Poster for the Red Detachment of Women (a modern revolutionary dance drama) Map of the four sites mentioned Grave goods from Tomb 2012 at Zhukaigou, and similar grave goods from other sites in China Map of Anyang and the Tomb of Fuhao with associated finds Typical nomadic scatter with artifacts from the Khazar period in the Black Lands of Kalmykia Mourning episode with qiyamat rituals from a temple fresco in Pendzhikent Burial with traces of secondary treatment of bones from Dzhalykovo (burial 2) in eastern Kalmykia (ca. ninth century AD) The layout of the August (Supreme) Capital The layout of Bitubei PCA plot of seventy-one specimens on the first two components Drawing of Uyuk Culture Log House Tomb VI in this web service

6 x List of Figures and Tables 12.2 Drawing of a Shurmak Culture adult buried in a wooden coffin of unknown context Map showing the supposed extent of the Xiongnu Empire in the first century BC Graph comparing the prevalence of physiological stress indicators and trauma in the Uyuk and Shurmak Culture population groups Traditional bent wood shanyrak from a yurt Shanyrak incorporated into the state seal of Kazakhstan Shanyrak used as a painted plaster-ceiling decoration Arsenic bronze spearhead with forged sleeve from Utevka VI, kurgan 6, grave Rings and bracelets from Velikent cemetery mound I, tomb Relationship between object class and material in metalwork from Velikent cemetery mound I, tomb Frequency or work pattern in metalwork from Potapovka horizon graves in Samara, Russia The LBA shrine on the west terrace of Gegharot fortress, in situ during the 2003 excavations The Metsamor shrine with a similar complement of stele, altars, and clay basins to those exposed on the Gegharot west terrace Vessel drawings of LBA pottery collected during the excavation of the west terrace shrine at Gegharot fortress Artifacts recovered from Gegharot Schematic of the Argonne National Laboratory X-ray instruments used in digital radiography and X-ray computed tomography Demonstration of the progression of two LBA jar body fragments from Gegharot fortress Radiographic summary of differences in slab joins represented in thick sections Evidence of textile impressions and step fractures Correlation of regional distributions in paste textures and variations in primary forming techniques Caprine cumulative survivorship, Late Bronze Age Tsaghkahovit Plain Caprine kill-off, Late Bronze Age Tsaghkahovit Plain Caprine body-part representation, Late Bronze Age Tsaghkahovit Plain Bowls from Százhalombatta: (a) Nagyrév hanging vessel; (b) Vatya-Koszider wall-hung vessel in this web service

7 List of Figures and Tables xi 18.2 Motifs on bowls from sites belonging to a range of contemporary cultural groups in the Carpathian Basin in the Late Middle Bronze Age Tables 6.1 Number of kurgans in a group and frequency number of groups Direction of alignment orientation and frequency number of groupings Height of mounds (meters) and frequency of height for Talgar Weapons found in tombs List of coins and their dating (dates are after Zhonguo Qianbi 2003, 2005) Contributions (%) of the five variables of ceramic assemblage to the first two components generated by PCA Age and sex profiles of the adults from Aymyrlyg (n = 561) Prevalence of stress indicators, trauma, and average femoral length Periodization and chronology of southern Caucasia from the Early Bronze Age to the Iron I period Distribution of the LBA fabric types identified in the study of the Tsaghkahovit Plain ArAGATS survey Regional distributions of paste texture by class Percentage of assemblage for genera covered in this study by site in this web service