Chapter 18 Haircoloring and Lightening MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which hair characteristic is an indication of the strength of the cortex, including cross-bonds and melanin molecules? a. Texture. c. Porosity. b. Density. d. Elasticity. Elasticity is an indication of the strength of the cortex, including cross-bonds and melanin molecules. PTS: 1 REF: p. 643 OBJ: LO: 18.1 Identify six hair characteristics that are analyzed before performing haircoloring services. 2. Hair with a texture takes color faster and may appear darker than other textures. a. fine c. medium b. coarse d. curly Hair with a fine texture takes color faster and may appear darker than other textures. PTS: 1 REF: p. 643 OBJ: LO: 18.1 Identify six hair characteristics that are analyzed before performing haircoloring services. 3. What hair characteristic do you use to determine the subsection size to use to assure proper coverage of the haircolor or lightener? a. Porosity. c. Elasticity. b. Density. d. Natural hair color. Density determines the subsection size to use to assure proper coverage of the haircolor or lightener. PTS: 1 REF: p. 643 OBJ: LO: 18.1 Identify six hair characteristics that are analyzed before performing haircoloring services. 4. Hair with high porosity than other porosity levels. a. is more difficult to color b. may absorb color product slowly and fade more slowly c. may absorb the color product quickly but fade quickly d. requires longer processing time High porosity hair may absorb the color product quickly and also fade quickly due to its inability to hold color pigments. PTS: 1 REF: p. 643 OBJ: LO: 18.1 Identify six hair characteristics that are analyzed before performing haircoloring services. 5. The factors that determine what natural hair colors look like include.
a. the total number and size of pigment granules b. the length and age of the hair c. the wave pattern and coarseness of the hair d. the skin color and race of the person The three factors that determine what natural hair colors look like are the: thickness of the hair, total number and size of pigment granules, and ratio of eumelanin to pheomelanin within the cortex layer. PTS: 1 REF: p. 644 OBJ: LO: 18.1 Identify six hair characteristics that are analyzed before performing haircoloring services. 6. hair is the color of keratin without melanin. a. Gray c. Brown b. White d. Blonde White hair is the color of keratin without melanin. PTS: 1 REF: p. 644 OBJ: LO: 18.1 Identify six hair characteristics that are analyzed before performing haircoloring services. 7. What is the term for the pigment that lies under the natural hair color? a. Density. c. Hair porosity. b. Natural hair color. d. Undertone. Undertone, or contributing pigment, is the pigment that lies under the natural hair color. The foundation of haircoloring is based on modifying this pigment with haircoloring products to create new colors. PTS: 1 REF: p. 644 OBJ: LO: 18.1 Identify six hair characteristics that are analyzed before performing haircoloring services. 8. The human eye sees only six basic colors,. a. three primary and three secondary b. two each of primary, secondary, and tertiary c. the three primary colors and white, black, and gray d. red, orange, green, brown, blue, and pink The human eye sees only six basic colors, three primary and three secondary colors. PTS: 1 REF: p. 644 9. Primary colors. a. are black, red, and blue b. cannot be seen by the human eye c. do not exist in natural light d. cannot be created by combining other colors
Primary colors are basic or true colors that cannot be created by combining other colors. The three primary colors are yellow, red, and blue. PTS: 1 REF: p. 645 10. Blue is. a. a tertiary color c. a cool primary color b. a secondary color d. the weakest primary color Blue is the only cool primary color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 645 11. A secondary color is created by. a. mixing a primary color with white b. mixing three primary colors in equal amounts c. mixing one primary and one secondary color in unequal amounts d. mixing equal amounts of two primary colors Secondary colors are created by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors. PTS: 1 REF: p. 645 12. Mixing equal parts of creates green. a. yellow and blue c. red and blue b. orange and blue d. yellow and red Mixing equal parts of yellow and blue creates green. PTS: 1 REF: p. 645 13. Mixing equal amounts of one primary color with yields a tertiary color. a. another primary color b. one of its adjacent secondary colors c. black d. white Mixing equal amounts of one primary color with one of its adjacent secondary colors yields a tertiary color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 645 14. Complementary colors are positioned on the color wheel. a. next to each other c. two colors apart b. directly opposite each other d. None of the answers are correct.
Complementary colors are primary and secondary colors positioned directly opposite each other on the color wheel. PTS: 1 REF: p. 645 15. When are mixed in equal parts, they neutralize each other. a. orange and yellow c. yellow and blue b. orange and blue d. yellow and white When mixed in equal parts, complementary colors, like orange and blue, neutralize each other. PTS: 1 REF: p. 646 16. Yellow is the complementary color of. a. green c. red b. orange d. violet Yellow is the complementary color of violet. PTS: 1 REF: p. 645 17. Tone is the of a color. a. saturation c. warmth or coolness b. basic name of a color d. pigment concentration Tone describes the warmth or coolness of a color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 646 18. Blue, green, and violet are considered colors. a. drab or ash c. light b. bright d. high intensity Blue, green, and violet are considered ash or drab colors, also referred to as cool colors, and absorb more light. PTS: 1 REF: p. 646 19. In haircoloring, the level system is used to analyze the of a hair color. a. visibility c. lightness or darkness b. saturation d. tone In haircoloring, the level system is used to analyze the lightness or darkness of a hair color.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 647 20. The degree of concentration of pigment or amount of pigment in the color is also known as the. a. saturation c. strength b. base color d. All answers are correct. Saturation, or intensity, refers to the degree of concentration or amount of pigment in the color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 647 21. Violet helps minimize tones. a. yellow c. orange b. green d. red Violet helps minimize yellow tones. PTS: 1 REF: p. 647 22. The natural level of the client s hair is accomplished by using or color ring to match the client s hair color. a. the client s recommendation c. a color wheel b. the nearest primary color d. a manufacturer s swatch The natural level of the client s hair is accomplished by using a manufacturer s swatch or color ring to match the client s hair color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 647 23. Which percentage of gray hair is characterized by most of the remaining pigment being located at the back of the head? a. 30%. c. 70 to 90%. b. 50%. d. 100%. Clients with 70 to 90% gray hairwill have more gray hair than pigmented hair, and most of the remaining pigment is typically located at the back of the head. PTS: 1 REF: p. 648 24. Temporary haircolor is made up of the molecules. a. lightest c. largest b. smallest d. most active Temporary haircolor is made up of the largest molecules in haircoloring products. PTS: 1 REF: p. 650
25. haircolor has an alkaline ph. a. Permanent c. True acid b. Temporary d. Acid-balanced Permanent haircolor has an alkaline ph. PTS: 1 REF: p. 650 26. Color-enhancing shampoos are a combination of a with a shampoo. a. permanent wave c. color rinse b. chemical change d. permanent change Color-enhancing shampoos are a combination of a color rinse with a shampoo. They produce highlights and impart slight color tones to the hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 650 27. haircolor fades gradually. a. Temporary. c. Demipermanent b. Semipermanent d. Permanent. Semipermanent haircolor fades gradually. PTS: 1 REF: p. 650 28. Self-penetrating colors, such as colors, tend to make a mild chemical and physical change. a. color rinse c. temporary b. permanent d. semipermanent Self-penetrating colors, such as semipermanent colors, tend to make a mild chemical change as well as a physical change. PTS: 1 REF: p. 651 29. haircolor may be used as a non-peroxide toner for pre-lightened hair. a. Temporary c. Semipermanent b. Demipermanent d. Permanent Semipermanent haircolor may be used as a non-peroxide toner for pre-lightened hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 651 30. haircolors deposit color without lightening natural or artificial color in the hair.
a. Demipermanent c. Aniline derivative b. Permanent d. All of the answers are correct. Demipermanent haircolors deposit color without lightening (lifting) natural or artificial color in the hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 651 p. 652 31. The uses for demipermanent haircolor include. a. performing corrective coloring b. adding highlights c. lifting and depositing color d. blending or covering up to 75 percent gray Demipermanent haircolor may be used to perform corrective coloring. It also can be used to get vivid color results, introduce a client to a color service, blend or cover up to 50 percent gray, refresh faded permanent color, deposit color changes without lightening the hair, and reverse highlights. PTS: 1 REF: p. 652 32. haircolors require retouching. a. Temporary c. Demipermanent b. Semipermanent d. Permanent Permanent haircolors require a touch-up or retouch application to blend the new growth with the previously colored hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 652 33. Permanent haircolor products mixed with an equal amount of -volume peroxide are capable of lifting the color one or two levels. a. 10 c. 30 b. 20 d. 40 Permanent haircolor products mixed with an equal amount of 20-volume peroxide are capable of lifting the color one or two levels. PTS: 1 REF: p. 652 34. A permanent haircolor product is mixed with a developer and applied to the hair, which allows undeveloped, small color molecules to enter the and become permanently trapped. a. hair follicle c. cuticle b. medulla d. cortex
A permanent haircolor is mixed with a developer and applied to the hair, which causes the cuticle layers to swell and allow undeveloped, small color molecules to enter the cortex. When the molecule oxidizes and grows in size, the molecules become trapped in the cortex and become too big to get out of the cortex. PTS: 1 REF: p. 652 35. To blend away the line of between the new growth and the previously colored hair, you will perform a retouch application. a. demarcation c. growth b. renewal d. color To blend away the line of demarcation between the new growth and the previously colored hair, you will perform a retouch application. PTS: 1 REF: p. 653 36. derivative products of pale, delicate shades designed for use on pre-lightened hair are called toners. a. Vegetable c. Peroxide b. Aniline d. Metallic Toners are aniline derivative products of pale, delicate shades designed for use on pre-lightened hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 653 37. Before application, must be mixed with hydrogen peroxide. a. oxidation tints c. vegetable tints b. progressive colors d. toners Before application, oxidation tints must be mixed with hydrogen peroxide, which activates the chemical reaction known as oxidation. PTS: 1 REF: p. 653 38. Henna may penetrate the cortex and attach to the bonds, leaving the hair unfit for other professional treatments. a. hydrogen c. salt b. hydroxide d. None of the answers are correct. Henna may penetrate the cortex and attach to the salt bonds, leaving the hair unfit for other professional treatments. PTS: 1 REF: p. 654 39. Metallic dyes are also called.
a. natural haircolors c. tints b. progressive colors d. henna Metallic dyes are also called progressive colors and color restorers. PTS: 1 REF: p. 654 40. Compound dyes are or mineral dyes combined with a vegetable tint. a. metallic c. toners b. oxidation d. aniline derivatives Compound dyes are metallic or mineral dyes combined with a vegetable tint. PTS: 1 REF: p. 654 41. A is an oxidizing agent that supplies oxygen gas for the development of color molecules when mixed with an oxidative haircolor product. a. reducer c. compound dye b. hydrogen peroxide developer d. neutralizer A hydrogen peroxide developer is an oxidizing agent that supplies oxygen gas for the development of color molecules when mixed with an oxidative haircolor product. PTS: 1 REF: p. 654 42. A color change occurs in the hair when combines with the melanin. a. a mineral c. oxygen b. a metal d. a vegetable tint A color change occurs in the hair when oxygen combines with the melanin in the hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 654 43. In haircoloring, the of hydrogen peroxide is expressed as volume. a. strength c. brand b. amount d. None of the answers are correct. In haircoloring, the term volume is used to denote the different strengths of hydrogen peroxide. Volume measures both the concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide. PTS: 1 REF: p. 655 44. The of hydrogen peroxide, the lesser the lift or lightening achieved. a. higher the volume c. older the bottle b. lower the volume d. higher the percentage
The lower the volume of hydrogen peroxide, the lesser the lift or lightening achieved. PTS: 1 REF: p. 655 45. 40-volume hydrogen peroxide. a. produces up to one or two levels of lift/lightening in one step b. is recommended when less lightening is desired c. is the lowest volume used d. can achieve up to four levels of lift/lightening in one step 40-volume hydrogen peroxide can achieve up to four levels of lift/lightening in one step. PTS: 1 REF: p. 655 46. Hydrogen peroxide in form tends to stays moist on the hair longer than the liquid form. a. lotion c. dry b. cream d. None of the answers are correct. Hydrogen peroxide in cream form (or cream peroxide)tends to stay moist on the hair longer than liquid peroxide. PTS: 1 REF: p. 655 47. Dry peroxides. a. have become somewhat obsolete c. are preferred by discerning barbers b. are better than liquid d. can be damaging to hair Dry peroxides have become somewhat obsolete because of the availability of liquid and cream forms. PTS: 1 REF: p. 656 48. An activator. a. is used in place of hydrogen peroxide b. neutralizes the lift when the service is completed c. decreases the lifting power d. increases the lifting power An activator is an oxidizer that is added to haircolors, lighteners, or hydrogen peroxide to increase the chemical action of the product. This addition results in an increased lifting power, which is controlled by the number of activators that are added to the product. PTS: 1 REF: p. 656 49. Lighteners are chemical compounds that lighten hair by the natural hair pigment. a. dispersing c. decolorizing
b. dissolving d. All answers are correct. Lighteners are chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment (melanin). PTS: 1 REF: p. 656 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 50. The most popular type of on-the-scalp lightener is. a. oil c. cream b. peroxide d. powder Cream lighteners are the most popular type of on-the-scalp lightener. PTS: 1 REF: p. 658 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 51. Which type of lighteners will stay in place and not run or drip, but do not contain conditioning agents and tend to dry out quickly? a. Oil. c. Cream. b. Gel. d. Powder. Powder lighteners will stay in place and not run or drip, but do not contain conditioning agents and tend to dry out quickly. PTS: 1 REF: p. 658 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 52. Gold oil lightener lightens and adds golden to tones depending on the base color of the hair. a. drab c. silvery b. reddish d. ash Gold oil lightener lightens and adds golden to reddish tones depending on the base color of the hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 658 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 53. A helps achieve the desired color or tones in the hair or neutralize the unwanted undertones. a. lightener c. tint b. filler d. toner A toner is a permanent haircoloring product that is applied to pre-lightened hair for the purpose of achieving the desired color or tones in the hair or to neutralize unwanted undertones (contributing pigment). PTS: 1 REF: p. 659 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 54. A is given to a client to determine a possible sensitivity to aniline derivatives, an ingredient in toners. a. patch test c. curl test b. client consultation d. strand test Aniline derivative is an ingredient in toners, so a patch test is required 24 to 48 hours before application.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 659 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 55. Overlightened hair will. a. appear to have more red, yellow, or orange than the intended color b. absorb or grab the base color of the toner c. feel mushy d. be blonde Overlightened hair will absorb or grab the base color of the toner. PTS: 1 REF: p. 660 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 56. Oil-base dye removers remove artificial pigment from the hair. a. by recoloring the hair c. by lifting it from cuticle layers b. by swelling the cortex d. None of the answers are correct. Oil-base dye removers remove artificial pigment from the hair by lifting trapped color pigments, stain, or buildup from cuticle layers. PTS: 1 REF: p. 660 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 57. Color fillers are used to and equalize excessive porosity in one application. a. remove color buildup c. diffuse melanin b. lighten the hair d. create a color base Color fillers are used to create a color base and equalize excessive porosity in one application. PTS: 1 REF: p. 660 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 58. Color fillers can be used to. a. remove haircolor c. create streaks in the hair b. prevent dullness d. produce strong lightening effects Color fillers can be used to prevent dullness. PTS: 1 REF: p. 661 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 59. Tint stains may be removed from the skin with. a. water only c. leftover tint b. alcohol d. peroxide When soap and water is not capable of removing haircolor from the skin, dampen a piece of cotton with the leftover tint and use a rotary movement to remove the stain. Afterwards, apply a small amount of face cream and wipe clean. You can also use a prepared stain remover to remove a tint stain. PTS: 1 REF: p. 661 OBJ: LO: 18.4 Explain the action of lighteners on hair. 60. A strand test is performed for color applications to determine. a. how the hair will react to a haircolor product
b. if a client has a sensitivity to aniline derivatives c. if heat will be needed during the application of a haircolor product d. when the first retouch application needs to be scheduled A strand test is performed for color applications to determine how the hair will react to the haircolor product, how long it will take to process, and what the final outcome will look like. PTS: 1 REF: p. 662 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 61. A soap cap is used to blend lines of demarcation when a application does not quite match the former color application. a. virgin c. color rinse b. retouch d. None of the answers are correct. A soap cap is used to blend lines of demarcation when a retouch application does not quite match the former color application. PTS: 1 REF: p. 662 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 62. A tint back. a. paints a lightener or color directly onto clean, styled hair b. colors some of the hair strands lighter than the natural or artificial color c. returns the hair to its natural shade d. treats gray or other resistant hair to facilitate better color penetration A tint back is a process of coloring hair back to its natural color (or close to its natural color). PTS: 1 REF: p. 662 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 63. Pre-softening. a. paints a lightener or color directly onto clean, styled hair b. colors some of the hair strands lighter than the natural or artificial color c. returns the hair to its natural shade d. treats gray or other resistant hair to facilitate better color penetration Pre-softening is the process of treating gray or other resistant hair to facilitate better color penetration. PTS: 1 REF: p. 663 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 64. The free-form technique. a. paints a lightener or color directly onto clean, styled hair b. colors some of the hair strands lighter than the natural or artificial color c. returns the hair to its natural shade d. treats gray or other resistant hair to facilitate better color penetration The free-form technique, or balyage, is the process of painting a lightener or color directly onto clean, styled hair. PTS: 1 REF: p. 663 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms.
65. In a haircolor application, haircoloring product is applied to the entire strand. a. patch test c. retouch b. soap cap d. virgin In a virgin haircolor application, haircoloring product is applied to the entire hair strand versus the new growth only. PTS: 1 REF: p. 662 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 66. Single-process haircoloring is a process that the hair in one, single application. a. lightens and curls c. curls and deposits color in b. lightens and deposits color in d. All of the answers are correct. Single-process haircoloring is a process that lightens (or lifts) and deposits color, or only deposits color in the hair in one, single application. PTS: 1 REF: p. 662 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 67. In double-process haircoloring, the hair is before the depositing color is applied. a. curled c. pre-conditioned b. temporarily colored d. lightened In double-process haircoloring, the hair is lightened before the depositing color is applied. PTS: 1 REF: p. 663 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 68. Highlighting is the process of coloring than the natural or artificial color. a. some of the hair strands darker c. some of the hair strands lighter b. all of the hair strands darker d. all of the hair strands lighter Highlighting is the process of coloring some of the hair strands lighter than the natural or artificial color to add the illusion of sheen and depth. PTS: 1 REF: p. 663 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 69. is the process of coloring strands or sections of the hair darker than the natural or artificial color. a. Darkening c. Lowlighting b. Highlighting d. Lifting Lowlighting is the process of coloring strands or sections of the hair darker than the natural or artificial color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 663 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 70. The cap technique involves pulling strands of hair through the holes of a and applying haircolor or lightener only to these strands. a. foil wrap c. soap cap b. perforated cap d. hairpiece
The cap technique involves pulling strands of hair through the holes of a perforated cap with a hook. A lightener, haircolor, or both are applied to only these hair strands, giving a natural, streaked look. PTS: 1 REF: p. 663 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 71. A client record card should include. a. a receipt for the service b. scheduled appointments c. a material safety data sheet d. information appertaining to the haircoloring service A client record card should include all information pertaining to the haircoloring service. Key information should include characteristics of the hair s condition, scalp condition, haircolor history, any corrective treatments, and the results of the haircoloring process. PTS: 1 REF: p. 664 OBJ: LO: 18.5 Explain procedure and application terms. 72. When tinting hair darker, choose a level one to two levels lighter than the desired color. a. very porous c. resistant b. somewhat porous d. gray When tinting very porous hair darker, choose a level one to two levels lighter than the desired color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 669 OBJ: LO: 18.6 Explain how haircolor products are selected and applied to hair. 73. Gray, white, and salt-and-pepper hair with a cast can be treated with violet-based colors. a. bluish c. yellowish b. brownish d. reddish Gray, white, and salt-and-pepper hair with a yellowish cast can be treated with violet-based colors that range from highlighting shampoos and temporary rinses to lighteners. PTS: 1 REF: p. 672 OBJ: LO: 18.6 Explain how haircolor products are selected and applied to hair. 74. The first step in the removal of dye from the hair is the application of 70 percent alcohol. a. henna c. aniline b. oxidation d. metallic The first step in the removal of metallic dye from the hair is the application of 70 percent alcohol. PTS: 1 REF: p. 675 p. 676 OBJ: LO: 18.6 Explain how haircolor products are selected and applied to hair. 75. Mustaches and beards can be colored with. a. aniline derivative tint c. henna b. oxidation tints d. liquid eyebrow and eyelash tint Facial hair can be colored with liquid eyebrow and eyelash tints.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 674 OBJ: LO: 18.6 Explain how haircolor products are selected and applied to hair. 76. To brighten or lighten hair color and to cover gray,. a. select the color closest to the natural shade b. select a shade lighter than the natural color c. select a color darker than the natural hair color d. add a natural shade to it to ensure better coverage To brighten or lighten hair color and to cover gray, select a shade lighter than the natural color. PTS: 1 REF: p. 669 OBJ: LO: 18.6 Explain how haircolor products are selected and applied to hair. 77. To restore damaged hair to a healthier condition, hair conditioners containing lanolin and substances should be used. a. oil c. protein b. melanin d. pomade To restore damaged hair to a healthier condition, hair conditioners containing lanolin and protein substances should be used. PTS: 1 REF: p. 674 OBJ: LO: 18.6 Explain how haircolor products are selected and applied to hair. 78. For how long before the application of a haircolor product containing an aniline derivative should a patch test be given? a. 1 to 2 hours. c. 12 to 24 hours. b. 6 to 12 hours. d. 24 to 48 hours. Perform a 24- to 48-hour patch test before the application of a haircolor product containing aniline derivative. PTS: 1 REF: p. 676 OBJ: LO: 18.7 List haircoloring and lightening safety precautions. 79. What should the thickness be when working with a cream or paste lightener? a. Whipped cream. c. Water. b. Pudding. d. Honey. When working with a cream or paste lightener, it must be the thickness of whipped cream to avoid dripping or running and overlapping. PTS: 1 REF: p. 677 OBJ: LO: 18.7 List haircoloring and lightening safety precautions. 80. What might happen if you apply hydrogen peroxide or any material containing hydrogen peroxide directly over dyes known or believed to contain a metallic salt? a. Skin irritation. b. The hair will lighten in spots.
c. The hair color will fade to an unnatural tone. d. Breakage or complete disintegration of the hair. If you apply hydrogen peroxide or any material containing hydrogen peroxide directly over dyes known or believed to contain a metallic salt, breakage or complete disintegration of the hair may result. PTS: 1 REF: p. 677 OBJ: LO: 18.7 List haircoloring and lightening safety precautions.