Chapter 21 Haircoloring MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Clients who have their hair colored usually visit the salon every weeks. a. two to four b. three to six c. four to eight d. three to twelve ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 670 2. is a professional, industry-coined term referring to artificial haircoloring products and services. a. Dyeing b. Haircolor c. Highlighting d. Coloring ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 671 3. The of the client s hair and the desired results determine which haircolor to use. a. length b. texture c. color d. structure ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 671 4. The cortex, or middle layer of each hair, gives the hair the majority of its strength and elasticity, and contributes about percent to the overall strength of the hair. a. 20 b. 50 c. 80 d. 99 ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 5. The natural coloring pigment found in the cortex layer of the hair is a. protein b. melocytes c. melanin d. keratin ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 6. Hair texture is determined by the diameter of individual hair a. lengths b. color c. strands d. sections ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 7. Fine hair takes color faster and can look darker because the melanin granules are grouped
a. more loosely b. more tightly c. more scattered d. less tightly ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 8. The hair type with a large diameter that can take longer to process hair color is a. fine-textured hair b. medium-textured hair c. coarse-textured hair d. long hair ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 9. The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is known as a. elasticity b. porosity c. density d. flexibility ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 10. When the cuticle is tight and the hair is resistant, it is difficult for moisture or chemicals to penetrate. What term describes this condition? a. Low porosity b. Average porosity c. High porosity d. Low density ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 11. When the cuticle is slightly raised and the hair is normal and processes in an average amount of time, the hair would be said to have a. low porosity b. average porosity c. high porosity d. low density ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 12. When the cuticle is lifted and the hair is overly porous and takes color quickly, the hair would be said to have a. low porosity b. average porosity c. high porosity d. low density ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 13. To test for porosity, take several strands from four different areas of the head: the front hairline, the temple, the crown, and the a. nape b. back c. sides d. longest section
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 672 14. What type of melanin gives black and brown color to the hair? a. Primary b. Eumelanin c. Pigment d. Pheomelanin ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 673 15. What type of melanin gives blond and red colors to the hair? a. Primary b. Eumelanin c. Mixed melanin d. Pheomelanin ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 673 16. Contributing pigment, also known as, is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process. a. primary pigment b. eumelanin c. undertone d. pheomelanin ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 673 17. What unit of measurement identifies the lightness or darkness of a color, or the saturation, density, or concentration of color? a. Level b. Pigment c. Texture d. Melanin concentration ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 673 18. The system used by colorists to analyze the lightness or darkness of a hair color is a. the color wheel b. the level system c. melanin distribution d. the primary color system ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 673 19. The darkest hair colors in the level system are identified as being a level, while the lightest hair colors in the level system are a. 1; 10 b. 3; 8 c. 6; 4 d. 10; 1 ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 673 20. What is one of the most valuable tools for identifying the natural level in the hair? a. Color wheel
b. Color theory c. Law of color d. Color system ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 674 21. is described as a property of objects that depends on the light they reflect and is perceived (by the human eye) as red, yellow, blue, or other shades. a. Pigment b. Color c. Level d. Range ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 675 22. The system used for understanding color relationships is the a. color wheel b. law of color c. level system d. color system ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 675 23. Fundamental or pure colors that cannot be achieved from a mixture are known as a. warm colors b. base colors c. primary colors d. secondary colors ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 676 24. Colors with a predominance of blue are colors, whereas colors with a predominance of red and/or yellow are colors. a. base; secondary b. secondary; base c. cool; warm d. warm; cool ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 676 25. The primary color that brings depth or darkness to any color is a. red b. yellow c. blue d. green ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 676 26. When all three primary colors are present in equal proportions, the resulting color is a. brown b. black c. green d. orange ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 676
27. A color obtained by mixing equal parts of two primary colors is a a. base color b. tertiary color c. contributing color d. secondary color ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 676 28. A color achieved by mixing equal parts of a secondary color and its neighboring primary color on the color wheel is a a. complementary color b. pigmented color c. tertiary color d. base color ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 676 29. Primary and secondary colors that are positioned opposite each on the color wheel are a. complementary colors b. contrasting colors c. permanent colors d. tertiary colors ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 677 30. The hue or balance of color seen in the hair is referred to as a. scale b. depth c. value d. tone ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 678 31. Tones can be described as cool, warm, or a. neutral b. level c. light d. dark ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 678 32. tones reflect more light, therefore they look lighter than their actual level. a. Cool b. Transparent c. Warm d. Porous ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 678 33. tones absorb more light, therefore they look deeper than their actual level. a. Cool b. Natural c. Warm d. Transparent ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 678
34. refers to the strength of the color. a. Tone b. Porosity c. Density d. Intensity ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 678 35. What term describes the predominant tone of a color? a. Critical b. Base c. High d. Top ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 678 36. Each color is identified by a number and a letter, with the number indicating the level and the letter indicating the a. tone b. warmth c. coolness d. neutrality ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 678 37. Neutral base colors are often used to a. cover gray hair b. eliminate damaged hair c. highlight red tones d. complement ash tones ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 679 38. Non-oxidative haircolor is classified as temporary and (traditional). a. permanent b. semipermanent c. demipermanent d. natural ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 679 39. Oxidative haircolor is classified as demipermanent (deposit only) and (lift and deposit). a. permanent b. semipermanent c. demipermanent d. natural ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 679 40. All haircoloring products require a patch test, with the exception of a. semipermanent colors b. temporary colors c. permanent colors d. demipermanent colors
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 679 41. As part of their composition, all permanent haircoloring products and lighteners contain both a developer and a(n) a. decomposing agent b. acidic agent c. alkalizing ingredient d. neutralizing ingredient ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 680 42. Coloring products that have a coating action on the hair and are removed by shampooing are a. semipermanent colors b. ammonia colors c. primary colors d. temporary colors ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 680 43. Demipermanent colors are also known as a. temporary colors b. no-lift, deposit-only colors c. formulated colors d. tonal colors ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 681 44. What coloring products are regarded as best for covering gray hair? a. Liquid haircoloring b. Protein colors c. Demipermanent colors d. Permanent haircoloring ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 681 45. Dye precursors that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger, permanent dye molecules are called a. aniline derivatives b. base colors c. primary colors d. demipermanent colors ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 681-682 46. Metallic haircolors are also known as a. base colors b. ammonia colors c. gradual colors d. cortex colors ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 682 47. haircolors, also known as vegetable haircolors, such as henna, are colors obtained from the leaves or bark of plants. a. Natural b. Temporary
c. Semipermanent d. Demipermanent ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 682 48. Haircoloring products that change color gradually by progressive buildup and exposure to air contain a. blending salts b. metallic salts c. mineral crystals d. dye precursors ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 683 49. is the most commonly used developer, and an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color. a. Ammonia peroxide b. Hydrogen propitiator c. Hydrogen peroxide d. Potential activators ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 683 50. The concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide is measured in terms of a. viscosity b. porosity c. density d. volume ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 683 51. The standard volume of hydrogen peroxide used to achieve most results with permanent haircolor is a. 10 volume b. 20 volume c. 30 volume d. 40 volume ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 683 52. Chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural pigment are a. hair oxidizers b. hair decolorizers c. hair lighteners d. hair levels ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 684 53. What is the process by which oxygen is released within the cortex of the hair shaft? a. Oxidation b. Hydration c. Lightening d. Depositing
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 684 54. The process in which the hair is pre-lightened and then toned is known as a. single-process color b. double-process application c. color enhancement application d. special effects color ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 684 55. During the process of decolorizing, natural hair can go through as many as a. 5 stages b. 8 stages c. 10 stages d. 12 stages ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 685 56. Decolorizing the hair s natural pigment allows the colorist to create the exact degree of a. complementary color b. artificial color c. neutralizing pigment d. contributing pigment ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 685 57. What hair coloring product is used primarily on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors? a. Tints b. Toners c. Rinses d. Organic ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 685 58. When is the most critical part of a color service? a. Haircolor consultation b. Client draping c. Color removal d. Shampoo ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 686 59. Clients with hair in questionable condition who request chemical services should be required to sign a a. release statement b. record card c. color card d. receipt ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 688-689 60. When applying color using the brush-and-bowl method, the mixing bowl should be a. metal b. nonmetallic c. large d. nonbreakable
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 691 61. Before performing a coloring service with an aniline derivative product, the client must have a(n) a. preliminary test b. application method c. patch test d. insurance record ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 691 62. The U.S. Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act prescribes that a predisposition test be given a. 5 to 10 minutes prior to application b. 10 to 15 hours prior to application c. 24 to 48 hours prior to application d. 20 to 25 minutes prior to application ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 691 63. What process lightens hair and deposits color in one application? a. Deposit-only color b. Semipermanent color c. Single-process haircoloring d. Double-process haircoloring ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 693 64. Examples of single-process permanent coloring applications are virgin color applications and a. semipermanent applications b. color retouch applications c. color shampoos d. cream lighteners ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 693 65. A application refers to the first time the hair is colored. a. retouch b. glaze c. permanent d. virgin ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 693 66. What is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair? a. Temporary haircolor b. Semipermanent haircolor c. Permanent haircolor d. Glaze ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 693 67. You should NEVER apply hair color to a client if the scalp has any obvious signs of a. dandruff b. demarcations c. abrasions
d. fading ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 694 68. Overlapping haircolor on previously tinted hair can cause breakage and create a visible line of a. application b. demarcation c. alteration d. solution ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 694 69. What is the first step of double-process haircoloring? a. Pre-lightening b. Toning c. Processing d. Volumizing ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 694 70. Lighteners that have a thicker consistency and give more control during scalp application are known as a. cream lighteners b. powder lighteners c. oil lighteners d. paste lighteners ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 695 71. Powdered persulfate salts added to haircolor to increase its lightening ability are a. accelerators b. ammonias c. activators d. diffusers ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 695 72. Powdered off-the-scalp lighteners contain persulfate salts for and stronger lightening. a. slower b. more permanent c. quicker d. more temporary ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 695 73. The part of the hair shaft between the scalp and the hair that has been previously colored is known as a. follicle b. medulla c. new growth d. reaction ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 696 74. The coloring technique that involves coloring some strands of hair lighter than the natural color is known as
a. activating b. toning c. lowlighting d. highlighting ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 698 75. The technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is a. lowlighting b. accelerating c. highlighting d. baliage ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 698 76. In the weaving foil technique, selected strands are picked up from a narrow section of hair with a a. straight part b. balanced part c. soft motion d. zigzag motion ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 699 77. The technique using a free-form painting of hair lightener directly onto clean, styled hair is a. lowlighting b. highlighting c. brushing d. baliage ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 700 78. The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is known as a. accelerating b. pre-softening c. prescribing d. developing ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 704 79. A patch test is generally conducted behind the ear or a. on the inner forearm b. on the neck c. on the inner wrist d. inside the elbow ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 710 80. When applying color for a single-process retouch application, the color should be applied to the new growth using a. 1-inch partings b. -inch partings c. -inch partings d. -inch partings
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 721