Chapter 23 Facials MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A(n), also known as a facial treatment, is a professional skin treatment that improves the condition and appearance of the skin. a. facial b. mask c. exfoliation d. wrap ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 766 2. An important part of a facial treatment that determines skin type, condition, and the recommended treatment is the a. case history b. skin analysis c. stress test d. home treatment ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 767 3. What term describes a condition that requires avoiding certain treatments, procedures, or products to prevent undesirable effects? a. Case history b. Skin analysis c. Side effect d. Contraindication ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 767 4. Clients who present skin abnormalities, open sores, or fever blisters should be referred to a(n) a. podiatrist b. physician c. stylist d. aesthetician ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 767 5. Any important observations or contraindications should be recorded in the client s record card. a. in ink b. with a highlighter c. in bold d. in colored pen ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 770 6. Completed client intake forms and service record cards may contain information about the client and must be kept in a secured room or cabinet. a. important b. private c. helpful d. false
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 770 7. When giving facials, in the presence of your clients as much as possible. a. test your equipment b. perform your disinfection procedures c. review your salon manual d. discuss the salon s customer records ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 771 8. Cosmetologists should avoid wearing jewelry on the hands or arms while administering facial treatments because rings and bracelets may the client. a. accidentally injure b. distract c. unintentionally intimidate d. offend ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 9. During an analysis procedure, cleansing milk is applied to the skin using a. downward circular movements b. rounded strong movements c. upward circular movements d. outward movements ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 10. When removing cleanser in the eye area, move outward on the upper lid and a. circular on the lower lid b. inward on the lower lid c. outward on the lower lid d. down on the lower lid ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 11. What tool provides a magnifying lens surrounded by a circular light, providing a well-lit, enlarged view of the skin? a. Fluorescent lamp b. Magnifying lamp c. 60-watt magnifying bulb d. LED lamp ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 12. is determined by how oily or dry the skin is. a. Hair type b. Skin chemistry c. Skin type d. Skin color ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 13. Oily or dry conditions of skin that cannot be permanently changed, only improved with treatments, are determined by the skin a. texture b. scrubbing
c. analysis d. type ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 14. The amount of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands determines the size of the a. layers b. pores c. glands d. thickness ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 15. Obvious pores on the surface of the skin indicate a. dry skin areas b. alipidic skin c. oily skin areas d. sudoriferous areas ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 772 16. The term means lack of lipids, and describes skin that does not produce enough sebum, indicated by absence of visible pores. a. texture b. alipidic c. dehydrated d. oily ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 17. What type of skin appears shiny or greasy from clogged, dead cells in the follicle? a. Dehydrated skin b. Acid skin c. Oily skin d. Combination skin ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 18. Which term describes follicles impacted with solidified sebum and dead cell buildup, also known as blackheads? a. Comedones b. Open comedones c. Closed comedones d. Acne ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 19. Which term describes follicles impacted with solidified sebum and dead cell buildup that appear as small bumps just underneath the skin s surface? a. Comedones b. Open comedones c. Closed comedones d. Acne ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 773
20. The difference between open and closed comedones is the size of the follicle opening, called the a. comedo b. follicle c. pore d. ostium ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 21. The cosmetologist must receive instruction in order to properly perform extraction of clogged pores and comedones. a. ongoing b. hands-on c. theoretical d. remedial ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 22. is considered a skin type because the tendency to develop this condition is hereditary. a. Acne b. Rosacea c. Wrinkled d. Mottled ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 23. Acne bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, and therefore, are a. pustules b. solidified c. alipidic d. anaerobic ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 24. Pimples that have a pus head are called a. papules b. sebum c. pustules d. comedones ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 773 25. What term describes dark blotches of color on the skin caused by sun exposure or hormone imbalance? a. Dehydration b. Hyperpigmentation c. Hypertrichosis d. Albinism ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 774 26. Which term describes rosacea conditions with dilated surface blood vessels? a. Telangiectasias b. Hyperpigmentation c. Couperose d. Varicose veins
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 774 27. Which term describes rosacea conditions with areas of skin with distended capillaries and diffuse redness? a. Telangiectasias b. Hyperpigmentation c. Couperose d. Varicose veins ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 774 28. Treatments that produce heat or stimulate the skin should be avoided for clients with which skin disorder? a. Rosacea b. Pigmentation c. Gommage d. Tension ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 774 29. What skin condition contains areas of hyperpigmentation, wrinkled areas including areas not in the normal facial expression, and sagging skin from damage to elastic fibers due to chronic and frequent exposure to the sun over the client s lifetime? a. Aging skin b. Sun-damaged skin c. Hyperpigmented skin d. Acne ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 774 30. are non-foaming, lotion cleansers designed to cleanse dry and sensitive skin types and to remove makeup. a. Soap b. Cleansing milks c. Moisturizing cleansers d. Medicated cleansers ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 775 31. are cleaners containing surfactants that cause the product to foam and rinse off easily. a. Soap b. Cleansing milks c. Moisturizing cleansers d. Foaming cleansers ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 775 32. Foaming cleansers that wash off easily contain a detergent that is also known as a(n) a. astringent b. enzyme c. tonic d. surfactant ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 775
33. Products that are designed to rebalance the ph and remove remnants of cleanser from the skin are known as a. disinfectants b. surfactants c. toners d. exfoliants ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 775 34. The process of removing dead cells from the surface of the skin is a. scrubbing b. modelage c. exfoliation d. superficial ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 775-776 35. Cosmetology professionals are only allowed to use products that remove dead skin from the stratum a. lucidum b. corneum c. keratoma d. granulosum ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 776 36. What products are used to physically remove dead cell buildup? a. Chemical exfoliants b. Mechanical exfoliants c. Dermabrasions d. Scrubs ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 776 37. A cream-type enzyme applied to the face and rolled off the skin is a a. gommage b. scrub c. toner d. microform ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 776 38. What are scrubs that contain aluminum oxide crystals, along with other granular scrubs? a. Gommage b. Microdermabrasion c. Toner d. Microform ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 776 39. contain(s) chemicals that loosen or dissolve dead cell buildup, can work in a relatively short time, or be combined in a moisturizer for longer effects. a. Gommage b. Microdermabrasion c. Chemical exfoliants d. Microform
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 776 40. Exfoliants that dissolve the bonds and intercellular cement between cells are a. gommages b. tonic lotions c. alpha hydroxy acids d. aluminum oxide crystals ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 776 41. Salon alpha hydroxy acid exfoliants are often referred to as a. astringents b. mechanical exfoliants c. gommages d. peels ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 777 42. Chemical exfoliants that work by dissolving keratin protein in the surface cells are known as a. face fresheners b. steaming peels c. enzyme peels d. emollient peels ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 777 43. An enzyme peel that does not dry the skin and can be used during a steam treatment is the a. cream form b. gommage c. emulsifying form d. powder form ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 777 44. Products used to increase the water content of the skin surface are known as a. fresheners b. enzymes c. moisturizers d. toners ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 777 45. Water-binding agents in moisturizers are also known as a. alipidics b. humectants c. emollients d. peptides ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 777 46. What are oily or fatty ingredients that prevent moisture from leaving the skin? a. Alipidics b. Humectants c. Emollients d. Peptides
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 777 47. Moisturizers for oily skin are most often found in lotion form and generally contain amounts of emollient. a. few b. smaller c. medium d. larger ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 778 48. Shielding the skin from is probably the most important habit to benefit the skin. a. sun exposure b. dryness c. aging d. dirt ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 778 49. Skin products that have a higher concentration of ingredients are a. masks b. lotions c. serums d. tonics ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 778 50. Individual doses of serum, sealed in small vials, are called a. ampoules b. lotions c. creams d. tonics ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 778 51. What is a lubricating cream that must be thoroughly removed for additional products to penetrate the skin? a. face freshener b. face serum c. night treatments d. massage cream ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 778 52. What are concentrated treatment products often composed of mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, botanical extracts, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, and nourish the skin? a. Toners b. Cleansers c. Masks d. Moisturizers ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 778-779 53. Oil-absorbing masks that have an exfoliating and astringent effect, making large pores appear smaller, are
a. clay-based masks b. gel masks c. alginate masks d. cream masks ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 779 54. Masks containing hydrators and soothing ingredients that do not dry hard and can be used on sensitive skin are a. clay-based masks b. alginate masks c. gel masks d. paraffin wax masks ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 779 55. Masks containing and other beneficial ingredients are melted at a little more than body temperature before application and applied over treatment creams to allow the cream s ingredients to penetrate more deeply into the surface layers of the skin. a. clay b. alginate c. gel d. paraffin ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 779 56. Which masks contain special crystals and dry to a plaster-like consistency? a. Alginate masks b. Gel masks c. Paraffin wax masks d. Modelage masks ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 779 57. What thin, open-meshed cotton fabric is used to hold mask products on the face? a. Linen b. Satin c. Gauze d. Tape ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 780 58. The manual or mechanical manipulation of the body by rubbing, kneading, or other movements is known as a. metabolism b. massage c. absorption d. physiology ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 780 59. The impact of a massage treatment depends on the amount of pressure, direction of movement, and a. self-control b. flexibility control c. duration of manipulation
d. sensitivity ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 781 60. The direction of movement in massage should always be from insertion of the muscle toward its a. external surface b. origin c. internal surface d. ligaments ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 781 61. What is a light, continuous, stroking movement applied with the fingers or palms? a. Fulling b. Pétrissage c. Kneading d. Effleurage ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 781 62. Every massage should begin and end with which movement? a. Pétrissage b. Friction c. Effleurage d. Kneading ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 781 63. What kneading movement is performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing tissue with light, firm pressure? a. Pétrissage b. Fulling c. Effleurage d. Tapotement ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 781 64. is a form of pétrissage in which the tissue is grasped, gently lifted, and spread out. a. Tapping b. Fulling c. Effleurage d. Tapotement ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 782 65. What is a deep rubbing massage movement in which pressure is applied to the skin while moving over an underlying structure? a. Kneading b. Tapotement c. Friction d. Rubbing ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 782
66. Pressing and twisting the tissues with a fast back-and-forth movement is a form of friction known as a. kneading b. rolling c. chucking d. wringing ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 782 67. What is a stimulating form of massage that consists of short, quick tapping, slapping, and hacking movements? a. Kneading b. Pétrissage c. Friction d. Tapotement ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 782 68. What is a chopping movement performed with the edges of the hands whereby both wrists and hands move alternatively in fast, light, firm, and flexible motions against the skin? a. Kneading b. Slapping c. Hacking d. Vibration ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 782 69. The point over a muscle where pressure or stimulation will cause contraction of the muscle is the a. motor point b. muscle connection c. relaxation center d. stimulator ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 783 70. To soften skin tissues and follicle accumulations making them easier to extract, it is recommended to first use a(n) a. facial cleaner b. brushing machine c. exfoliation steamer d. facial steamer ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 787 71. To provide a buffer for the skin when using a brushing machine, apply a thick layer of cleaner or a. paraffin b. moisturizer c. astringent d. gauze ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 788 72. An applicator used to direct electric current from a machine to the client s skin is a(n) a. microcurrent
b. charger c. electrode d. extractor ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 789 73. High-frequency electrotherapy machines have how many electrodes? a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 789 74. What is the process of softening and emulsifying hardened sebum that is stuck in the hair follicles? a. Exfoliation b. Galvanic c. Microcurrent d. Desincrustation ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 789 75. The process of using galvanic current to enable water-soluble products that contain ions to penetrate the skin is. a. desincrustation b. insertion c. electrotherapy d. iontophoresis ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 790 76. Nikolas Tesla is credited with discovering a. high-frequency current b. microcurrent c. electrotherapy d. alternating current ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 790 77. Light therapy using a light-emitting diode (LED) uses blue light to treat skin that is a. acne-prone b. wrinkled c. dry d. sensitive ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 791 78. What is a mechanical exfoliation that uses a closed vacuum to shoot crystals onto the skin? a. Microcurrent b. Desincrustation c. Microdermabrasion d. Enzyme peels ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 792