A Prehistoric Mystery 1
Text OTZI, THE ICEMAN- PALEO CRIME SCENE 5,000 YEARS OLD NEOLITHIC HUNTER Date 2
What do we know about Otzi? 46 years old 5 2 57 tattoos acupunctures points on his back healing hand wound small and sinewy 3
More about Otzi s Tattoos. Black and blue tattoos running along Otzi s back, right knee and left ankle Stripes and crosses Similar tattoos found in Siberian and South American mummies 4
Otzi s Tattoos 5
Theories-Who was Otzi? A Shepherd? A shaman? A victim of ritual sacrifice? A vegan? 6
HOW AND WHY DID HE DIE? WHAT TOOLS WILL WE USE TO DETERMINE WHY AND HOW OTZI WAS KILLED? 7
How did Otzi die? Sickness? Victim of ritual sacrifice? Exposure? Murder - Was this a highwayman after riches? Murder - Was he stalked and killed? If so why? 8
Support how and why you think Otzi died with evidence 9
Otzi and His Things 8.4.8.B: Illustrate how historical documents, artifacts, and sites are critical to world history. 10
Rib Fracture and Strange Object in Otzi s Shoulder 11
Movements of the Victim Otzi went from a lower altitude, from whence came the moss he wrapped food in He then travelled to a higher altitude, 6500 feet in all, remnants of the coniferous forests in this area where on his person He then descended in the lower altitudes thus the remnants of the pine forest from this region 12
Why the journey? 13
X-RAY OF OTZI S HAND 14
X-RAY OF OTZI S HAND Now, new tests on the body have revealed a deep wound on Otzi's right hand which, according to the findings, was inflicted in the last few hours of the iceman's life. X-rays reveal the depth of the injury Dr Paul Gostner/Ospedale Generale Regionale di Bolzano 15
Evidence and Crime Scene v * Well- whip worm parasite in his intestine Recently ate wild goat and plants; his last meal was red dear and grain, probably cooked on an open fire because of the charcoal in his intestine *Isotopes in his teeth and intestine match that found in the soil of the lower valley Otzi had arthritis High levels of copper and arsenic in his hair indicate that he had been involved in copper smelting. 16
Evidence and Crime Scene The precious copper-bladed axe was not taken Human blood from 4 individuals was found on his garments 17
Otzi and his things 18
*Artifacts found on and near Otzi 14 arrows only 2 finished, many for a left-handed archer, Otzi was righthanded *flint-tipped dagger and grass-woven sheath *fire starting kit, (birch container holding embers wrapped in maple leaves) *unarmed *unfinished longbow *rare copper-bladed axe *grass cloak 19
2013 Artists New Interpretation of Otzi 20
Where was Otzi from? Otzi was from a community in the Otz Valley Evidence: Isotopes in his teeth and throughout his body were found to be from the Otz Valley Otzi carried moss that grows in the Otz Valley 21
Who was Otzi? Otzi was the leader of his clan Evidence The copper headed axe 22
How did Otzi die? Otzi was killed by a group of people from his clan who wanted to take over the leadership of the clan. Evidence There had been an attack on him 2 weeks before his death which he fought off. It left his with a healing hand would and the blood of 4 individuals on his cloak. They didn t take his copper-headed axe because the clan would have suspected something if Otzi was missing and these people who were now running the clan had the axe. 23
Was this a premeditated murder? Yes, these people waited to ambush Otzi and killed him to become leaders of the clas. Evidence Otzi thought after successfully ending the 1 st attack that the threat to his life was over. 2 weeks later he realized this was not the case and had to quickly run into hiding Evidence He left with unfinished arrows. 24
Why did Otzi journey into the Alps? Otzi was running from his attackers Evidence Otzi first went quickly up to 6500 ft, remnants of the coniferous forest in the area were on Otzi, he was hiding from his attackers He then, perhaps looking for food descended into a lower area of the mountains where his body was found and this is where was killed. 25
What killed Otzi? The C-T skan detected an object between his left shoulder and chest. This is where Neolithic people would aim when hunting their prey to kill them quickly. Otzi was killed by this arrow and then fell and bumped his head which is why there are signs of head trauma. 26
Why did Otzi have tattoos? Otzi had tattoos to indicate where he should use acupuncture. Evidence Otzi s tattoos correspond to traditional acupuncture points on the body Otzi was suffering from the whipworm parasite which would have given him stomach pains. (Chemists report) Otzi was suffering from arthritis (C-T skan) 27