Module:3 26 P a g e Learning Tools
3.1 Introduction If you want to achieve beautiful, professional make up it s really important to choose good quality products as they have a big impact on the type of finish you ll create. Next, we ll show you what kind of brush is appropriate for each make up product noting two key differences; natural material and synthetic material. 3.2 Brushes with natural hair or synthetic The quality of your brushes will more or less determine how well you can apply make up. When choosing your brushes, make sure the handles are sturdy and the bristles are securely fastened. There are two types of brushes: Synthetic Hair the bristles are suitable for plastic and creamy textures like foundations, concealers and lip colour. Natural Hair made from different animal hair (sable, camel, pony) and often used in brushes for applying shadows and powdered textures. Your brushes should be washed in mild soapy water and rinsed thoroughly. It s also very important to allow them to fully dry. There are specific brush cleaners available. 3.3 Different types of brushes Powder brush usually large with soft, long bristles to apply powder evenly all over the face. Lip brush the hair is small, compact and flattened, allowing you to outline or fill in lips. 27 P a g e
Foundation brush synthetic, round and flat for applying foundation. Bevelled brush shorter on one side than the other. For applying blush and achieving definition, especially at the cheekbones. 28 P a g e
Corrector or concealer brush synthetic bristle, flat and rigid. The edge can be straight or slightly rounded. Use to apply foundation or concealer. 29 P a g e
Fan brush used to remove excess eye shadow powder. It is fan shaped and has long, soft bristles. Eyebrow brush short, firm bristles, ideal for smudging colour onto eyebrows. 30 P a g e
Eyelash brush used to separate lashes and remove excess product on both eyelashes and eyebrows. 31 P a g e
Sponge applicator this has a small, rounded latex sponge. You can use it to smudge eyeliner or apply a more intense shade to eyes. Round eye shadow brush for applying shadows on the eyelids and blending colour. Ideally, have three sizes. 32 P a g e
Eyeliner brush fine, thin and pointed and used to apply liquid or cream eyeliner in a single stroke. Eyelash curler lengthens and lifts lashes. Choose silicone types to prevent splitting lashes. 33 P a g e
Powder puff These are round and used to apply powder or blusher and for diffusing excess colour. Choose cotton or velour makes Skunk brush this is a multi purpose brush. Use to apply both liquid foundation and powder. It is made of both natural (black) and synthetic (white) fibres. 34 P a g e
Latex sponges round, oval, triangular, rhomboid shaped. For spreading foundation evenly. 3.4 Products Make up bases Fluid foundation: - This type of texture is recommended for normal or dry skin. As well as providing colour, it nourishes the skin. - We recommend using this texture to prevent product build up on wrinkles around the eyes. - You can apply fluid with your fingers or gently pat on with a latex sponge or a medium synthetic brush. 35 P a g e
Cream bases: - This texture is denser and more opaque. It s more suitable to use for evening or party make up or for skin with noticeable imperfections. It s very suitable for dry skin. - You can apply cream foundation with a slightly dampened latex sponge. - You ll also find blushers and eye shadows in this texture. 36 P a g e
Compact powder: - This is often used for oily skin and is perfect for shading in the T zone in combination skin. - It can be used as a foundation, as a blusher or for shading. - There are also light shades for skin which is light in complexion, for the temples or as a base on the eyelids. - Apply with a round brush or a powder puff. Translucent Powder: This is usually colourless and is used to set the foundation base and to mattify. 37 P a g e
Corrector or concealer: This comes in cream or liquid texture. An ivory shade is used for most corrections; green is most commonly used to cover redness and pink is used to cover brown spots. 38 P a g e
Blusher: This comes in cream, compact powder, liquid or mousse form in a glossy or matte finish. Bronzer: This is a pressed powder in a dark shade. It adds richness and brightness to the tone of the skin and unifies the colours of the face, neck and chest. It is applied with a large brush. 39 P a g e
Creams: These prepare the skin for make up and also hydrate and protect the skin. 40 P a g e
Lip products: There are many textures and colours of lip product on the market, both in matte and gloss. They contain various levels of moisture. Mascara: The most used shade of mascara is black, but there are many colours available and also versions with different effects, like volumising, extension and false eyelash effect. Eyeliners: These allow you to outline the eyes with great accuracy. You ll find eyeliner in liquid form in a bottle with its own fine brush, in pencil form or in gel pen form. 41 P a g e
Eye Shadow: Normally, eye shadows come in pressed powder form, but you ll also find a cream type. Your choice of texture will depend on the effect you want to create. Finishes are either shiny or matte. Matte shadows contain more pigment. 42 P a g e
Eye pencils and lip liners: As a general rule, the thicker the pencil, the better the look you ll achieve. It s important to sharpen these pencils between each makeup session to avoid conjunctivitis and cold sores. Eyelashes: 43 P a g e
There are many shapes and styles of false eye lashes available - individual, full lashes and many styles that create different looks. They are glued to the eyelids with special glue that becomes either transparent when it dries or stays black to blend with the lashes. Exercises Exercise 1 Collect all the brushes you already have and gather them on a towel. One by one, wash them with warm water and mild soap and dry gently with the towel. Once all the brushes are clean and dry, examine them one by one. If you see that the bristles are loose or have gaps, it won t help you to achieve a perfect effect. It would be best to replace it. Make a list of which brushes you can depend on and which you ll need to buy. Exercise 2 Take 4 brushes, two with synthetic hair and two with natural hair and let's compare them using a base fluid foundation and an eye shadow. Take the eye shadow brush with synthetic hair. Apply the shadow on the back of your hand. You ll see whether the shadow diffuses well and if it smudges. Repeat the same with the natural hair brush. You ll notice how the shadow glides onto the skin perfectly and how well the shade blends. Do the same with the fluid foundation. You ll realise that with the synthetic brush it spreads evenly and that with the natural brush the make up stays more caked and doesn t spread well. Thoroughly clean your brushes. 44 P a g e
Exercise 3 Exercise 3 Match up each brush and place it on the area of the face that it is designed to be used on. Exercise 4 Apply foundation on half of your face using the sponge, working upwards, and on the other half apply with a brush. See which method you think works best on your face. Both methods can be used, the choice depends on the individual woman s face. Using a sponge helps to apply a light coat of foundation which looks natural and subtle. It blends make up into the neck well and is a quick method. It s great for daytime make up. When using a brush, foundation tends to be in a thicker layer. It s a slower way, but gives effective cover for imperfections and also helps to reach parts of the face like the nostrils or below the eyelashes which is trickier with a sponge. 45 P a g e
Exercise 5 To learn how to use an eyelash curler, take it by the handle and looking straight ahead place it around your top eyelashes and squeeze it shut. Repeat this procedure twice on each eye, taking care not to pinch the eyelid. Eyelashes that curl up really do make the eyes look more beautiful. 46 P a g e