Carboset 510 Solvent-Free Acrylic Colloidal Polymer TECHNICAL DATA SHEET General Description is a solvent-free acrylic colloidal polymer vehicle designed for water based wiping and spray-applied stains for wood surfaces. Water based wood stains produced with have application characteristics similar to solvent based stains. This includes excellent flow, penetration, and resolubility for up to 30 minutes. The addition of VOC-containing amines or solvents such as DPM or TPM will enhance workability, achieving over 60 minutes resolubility in DIY applications and up to 30 minutes for OEM spray applications. Stain finishes show uniform appearance with no lap marks. They also show minimal pigment transfer or bleed upon top-coating with water or solvent based clear wood finish after two hours. Unlike conventional acrylic emulsions, is easy to formulate and is compatible with a wide variety of pigment tint bases, conventional iron oxide pigments and aqueous trans-oxide colorants. Water based stains using show excellent adhesion to a variety of wood species and minimum grain-raising on open pore wood surfaces. exhibits excellent wood penetration, providing a very uniform and rich appearance. Suggested Applications Interior wiping stain Wood conditioner for non-coated substrates Performance Features Excellent lapping performance Zero VOC stain formulas possible Extended resolubility Exceptional appearance Excellent penetration Ease of application Minimum pigment transfer upon topcoating No pigment bleed back Typical Physical Properties* Appearance Translucent Dispersion Total Solids by Weight, % 40 ± 1.0 Total Solids by Volume, % 36± 1.0 Water by Weight, % 60 ± 1.0 Total (Non-water) Volatile, % Negligible VOC (gm./lit.), (lb./gal.) < 1.0, < 0.01 Density, Pounds/Gallon 8.9 ± 0.15 Specific Gravity 1.07 ± 0.02 ph 7.0 ± 0.5 Glass Transition, Tg o C 28 MFFT, C 3 Brookfield Viscosity, cps 1000 max *Property values represent typical results only and are not to be considered specification. May 9, 2008 The information contained herein is believed to be reliable, but no representations, guarantees or warranties of any kind are made as to its accuracy, suitability for particular applications or the results to be obtained. The information is based on laboratory work with small-scale equipment and does not necessarily indicate end product performance. Because of the variations in methods, conditions and equipment used commercially in processing these materials, no warranties or guarantees are made as to the suitability of the products for the applications disclosed. Full-scale testing and end product performance are the responsibility of the user. Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. shall not be liable for and the customer assumes all risk and liability of any use or handling of any material beyond Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.'s direct control. The SELLER MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Nothing contained herein is to be considered as permission, recommendation, nor as an inducement to practice any patented invention without permission of the patent owner. Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. 9911 Brecksville Road Cleveland, OH 44141-3247 800-380-5397 www.lubrizolcoatings.com 2007 The Lubrizol Corporation
Page 2 FORMULATION ZERO VOC INTERIOR WATER BASED WIPING WOOD STAIN GOLDEN OAK MODEL FORMULA 510-A Material Pounds Gallons Kilograms Liters Use Add to clean tank. Add all ingredients with agitation. Carboset 510 resin 366.56 41.19 440.21 411.87 Acrylic Dispersion Water 447.93 53.77 537.92 537.72 ***** Add the following ingredient separately under continuous agitation Ammonium Hydroxide (28%) 8.69 1.12 10.44 11.22 Neutralizing Amine Add the following ingredient slowly to avoid air-borne particulates Aerosil R972 2.61 0.14 3.13 1.42 Suspending Agent Add the following ingredients separately under continuous agitation. Oxide Yellow (6C11B243) 26.16 2.29 31.42 22.93 Oxide Red (6C11B143) 17.30 869.25 1.48 100.0 20.77 1043.89 14.84 1000.0 Formula Constants: Non-volatile (Wt. %) 19.3 Non-volatile (Vol. %) 15.8 Total volatile (Wt. %) 80.7 Wt./ Gal., lbs. 8.69 VOC gm./liter 0 VOC lbs./gallon 0
Page 3 FORMULATION LOW VOC WATER BASED WIPING WOOD STAIN DARK WALNUT MODEL FORMULA 510-C Material Pounds Gallons Kilograms Liters Use Add to clean tank. Add all ingredients with agitation. Carboset 510 resin 442.00 48.20 529.82 482.03 Acrylic Dispersion Water 389.50 46.70 466.29 467.01 ***** Tego 822 1.00 0.12 1.20 1.20 Wetting aid Add the following ingredient slowly to neutralize * DMAMP80 TM 9.00 1.14 10.79 11.39 Neutralizing amine Add the following ingredients separately under continuous agitation. SUPER SEATONE black (6C11B704) 5.30 0.54 6.35 5.35 Oxide Yellow (6C11B243) 26.60 2.29 31.89 22.93 Oxide Red (6C11B143) 11.60 884.00 1.01 100.00 13.90 1060.24 10.09 1000.0 Formula Constants: Non-volatile (Wt. %) 19.6 Non-volatile (Vol. %) 15.7 Total volatile (Wt. %) 80.4 Wt./ Gal., lbs. 8.84 VOC gm./liter 59.1 VOC lbs./gallon 0.49 * DMAMP-80 amine contributes to VOC content. However, it greatly improves workability of wood stains compared to ammonia. Further improvements to workability can be made with the proper choice of solvents. Dowanol DPM or TPM are recommended.
Page 4 Extending Workability of for OEM and DIY Applications Several methods can be used to extend the workability (open time) of stains, including the following: Amine Choice: DMAMP-80 TM and Advantex TM neutralizing amines greatly enhance the workability of stains. However, they contribute to VOC. Ammonia and AMP-95 TM did not extend workability as efficiently. Co-Solvent Choice: Adding low amounts (10-15% of total formulation) of a slow evaporating co-solvent enhances workability. Dowanol DPM and Dowanol TPM and propylene glycol work well. Although VOC exempt is some regions, Texanol is not recommended in stains. Texanol significantly increases the viscosity of the stain and makes it difficult to apply or wipe off. When adding co-solvents to the enhance workability of stains, care should be taken that the dry time of the topcoats applied over the stain is not effected. Slower evaporating solvents such as propylene glycol or TPM will negatively impact the sandability of topcoats applied over the stain if used at very high levels (>30% of total formulation weight). In many regions, this high usage will not be permitted due to VOC restrictions. Dry of topcoats applied over high cosolvent-containing stains should not be a concern for non OEM applications where sandability immediately following a short force dry is not a requirement. Polymer solids: To a lesser degree than amine and co-solvent choice, polymer solids of the stain formulation can also impact workability. Lower polymer solids stains remain open slightly longer than higher volume solids stains. If VOC regulations restrict the use of co-solvents, this may assist in further extending workability. If high co-solvent levels are already employed, the formulation solids will show negligible impact on workability. Blending with water borne polyurethane dispersions: Sancure 2710, Sancure 2715 (both are solvent free) or Sancure 12954 can be added in the formulation (up to 10 parts) to extend drying time of the stain. Spray pressure: If products are spray applied, the pressure used can impact open time. Typically, lower pressure (30psi) give better results than higher pressure (60 psi). Rate of Drying versus Resolubilization of for DIY Applications In evaluating water based stains, it is important to differentiate the rate of drying of the coating from the ability of the wood stain to resolubilize. It is the second characteristic, resolubilization, which provides the exceptional lapping performance of. The ability of a water based wood stain to resolubilize is an inherent property of the polymer and is completely independent from the rate of drying of the coating. (See Test Method on page 5.) A system with a poor resolubility, but with slower drying rate will typically show greater tendency to lap and have blotchy appearance, as extended drying time allows for higher absorption of pigments is the result of a polymer development program which utilized experimental design techniques to seek a balance of multiple properties, including lapping performance, hardness (Tg) and self-coalescing ability (Minimum Film Formation Temperature, MFFT ). The glass transition temperature of the polymer governs the rate of drying and sandability, while the MFFT influences the coalescent requirements upon further compounding, and therefore, the ultimate VOC of the formulation. Water based stains formulated using demonstrate resolubility for up to 30 minutes in a zero VOC coating, and significantly longer with VOC contributing amines (DMAMP-80 or Advantex) and solvents (Dowanol DPM or TPM). The stained wood can be top-coated with water or solvent based varnish in less than two hours with minimum pigment transfer. Note: For comparative evaluations, selection of appropriate solvent and water-based benchmarks is very crucial. As noted earlier, comparative tests should also be run on boards with similar grain pattern, and tests should be run at the same time. It is best if one person runs all tests, as some differences can be observed between individuals.
Page 5 TESTING FOR LAPPING PERFORMANCE FOR DIY APPLICATIONS To determine lapping performance in water based wood stains upon drying at ambient conditions. These properties affect how the test system (wood stain) develops a uniform, nonblotchy appearance on the substrate. The ability of a wood stain to resolubilize (for improved lapping performance) is completely independent from the rate of drying of the system. The rate of drying depends on the porosity of the substrate, and traditional dry time tests on sealed substrate (such as Leneta chart) may not correlate with drying time on wood. This test method has been developed to differentiate and to quantify drying and lapping properties. It also permits comparisons between various test systems, including traditional oil based and water based commercial benchmarks, over several drying periods (elapsed dry time). SUBSTRATE: Non-sealed, White or Red Oak or Pine Veneer Figure 1 3) Divide the panel into four (vertical) sections ~ 6 inches wide. Label each section as 0, 10, 20, 30 minutes starting from the far-left section being zero min. to the far right section being 30 min. See Figure 2. DIMENSIONS: 24" (W) x 12" (L) approx. TEST PANEL PREPARATION AND TEST METHOD 1) First sand the wood panel with fine grit (180) sandpaper to remove rough areas on test panel, then wipe-off wood dust using tack cloth. For best comparative results among multiple systems (stains), several wood boards should be prepared so 2-4 stains can be tested at the same time, each on a separate board. (Try to pick boards with similar grain patterns.) 2) Divide the panel length-wise into three sections- the top, the middle or center, and the bottom, ~4 inches each. See Figure 1. Figure 2 4) Apply masking tape (~0.5 inch wide) width-wise on the outer edges of the center section, so that when the test system (wood stain) is applied in the center section, it does not migrate into the adjacent sections. Do not tape off the vertical sections.
Page 6 5) Using 2 or 3" foam brush, apply a liberal amount of wood stain only in the center section, covering uniformly from left to right and viceversa. (The top and bottom sections are not coated at this time). See Figure 3. 7) Let the wood stain penetrate into the substrate for at least 2-3 min. With a cotton rag (or a paper towel) wipe off the stain (the entire vertical section) completely going from top to bottom using good amount pressure (elbow grease!). See Figure 5. NOTE- THE STAIN IS REMOVED FROM THE FIRST SECTION (0-min.) ONLY, THE OTHER SECTIONS ARE NOT DISTURBED AT THIS TIME. Figure 3 6) Remove the masking tape and immediately apply a liberal amount of wood stain only on the first vertical section (labeled as 0 min. ) using the same foam brush going from top to bottom and vice-versa for at least 10-12 times. (it is very important to work-in all stain with some pressure in the middle section). Other sections (i.e.; 10, 20 and 30 min) remain non-coated at this time. See Figure 4. Figure 5 8) Repeat steps #6 and #7 for the remaining sections at 10, 20, and 30-min. intervals. Some systems may not resolubilize well at 20 or 30 minute time periods, leading to poor lapping performance. See Figure 6. NOTE- IT IS IMPORTANT TO WORK-IN (RESOLUBILIZE) THE STAIN FROM THE MIDDLE/CENTER SECTION. Figure 4 Figure 6
Page 7 FORMULATION SUGGESTIONS AMINES The following amines will enhance the resolubility of -based stains DMAMP-80 TM Advantex TM Ammonia Angus Arkema various COALESCENT SOLVENTS & HUMECTANTS does not require coalescing solvent for film formation. However, adding low amounts (10-15% of total formulation) of slow co-solvent is helpful for increasing the open time. Dowanol DPM and Dowanol TPM are best for this purpose. Propylene glycol can also be used. Although VOC exempt in some regions, Texanol is not recommended for open time, because it significantly increases the viscosity of the stain and makes it difficult to apply or wipe off. Dowanol DPM Dowanol TPM Propylene glycol DEFOAMERS Dow Chemical. Dow Chemical (various) PIGMENT DISPERSIONS demonstrates exceptional compatibility with various water based colorants, including aqueous Trans-Oxides, SUPER SEATONE solvent free transparent iron oxides pigment dispersions and Sup- R-Conc L pigment dispersions. UV ABSORBERS The following UV absorbers and HALS may improve durability over wood. Tinuvin 99 Tinuvin 292 Tinuvin 1130 WAXES Ciba-Geigy Ciba-Geigy Ciba-Geigy Addition of paraffin wax emulsion (about 1-2% in total formula) is recommended for improved water resistance and sandability for factory-applied sanding sealer and waterproofing primer applications. Michem Emulsion ME62330 and Michem Lube ML743 both Michelman) have also shown good results. Foamex 822 BYK 028 Foamstar A-34 Surfynol DF-66 Surfynol DF-58 Dehydran 1293 Foamex 1488 MILDEWCIDES & BIOCIDES Tego Chemie Byk Chemie Cognis Air Products Air Products Cognis Tego Chemie COMPATIBILITY WITH OTHER POLYMERS demonstrates wide compatibility for blending latitude with urethanes to extend open time. Three Lubrizol polyurethane dispersions which have demonstrated compatibility are: Sancure 12954 Sancure 2710 Sancure 2715 Lubrizol Lubrizol Lubrizol For additional microbial protection, the following package preservatives and mildewcides have been found to be effective. Nopcocide N 40 D Proxel GXL Troysan Polyphase CST Troysan Polyphase P-20T Cognis Avecia Troy Troy