Consumer Habits and Practices for Formulated Cleaning Products and Personal Care Products Symposium on: Exploring Global Data Resources for Consumer Exposure Assessment Presented By: Dr. Paul C. DeLeo Senior Director, Environmental Safety 21 st Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science Baltimore, Maryland October 25, 2011 1
About ACI ACI is a 117-member trade association representing the $30 billion US cleaning products industry ACI has studied product ingredient safety for 50 years ACI sponsored nearly 300 of 2,700 HPV chemicals in the EPA and OECD programs over the last decade ACI provided data beyond-sids including exposure and screening-level risk assessments of its ingredients 2
Information Needs for Exposure Assessment of Formulated Consumer Products What ingredients are in products? What are the exposure models for products? What are the exposure factors for products? What is the ingredient concentration? Is there one place where I can find all of this information? 3
What ingredients are in products? Mandatory ingredient reporting Cosmetic labeling (except fragrances, dyes, preservatives) Fragrance Industry published a list of fragrance ingredients used in consumer goods by their customers worldwide in 2010 Cleaning product labeling in Europe Voluntary ingredient reporting for cleaning products N. America Ingredient Communication (ACI/CSPA/CCSPA) (http://www.cleaninginstitute.org/ingredientcentral/) Australia What s In It? campaign (ACCORD) 4
What are the exposure models for products? Product exposure scenarios broken down by: Route of exposure (dermal, oral, respiratory) Direct/Indirect exposure Activity/Use Regional approaches (North America, Europe, Other) 5
Sample Exposure Models Exposure Route PE Scenario PE Model Parameters Dermal: Indirect Exposure after activity/use: Laundry detergents: wearing clothing Fabric conditioners: wearing clothing North American (NA) approach: A PR PT CF DA BW where, PR = 1% based on SDA data A: amount used (g/day) PR: percent retained on clothing (%) PT: % transferred from clothing to skin CF: conversion factor (1,000 mg/g) DA: dermal absorption (100%) BW: female body weight (60 kg) European Union (EU) approach: where A PR PT CF DA BW PR = (PD FD) / W) CA PD: percent deposition (%) FD: fabric density (mg/cm 2 ) W: total wash weight (mg) CA: body surface contact area (cm 2 ) Sw: Mass of water after spin cycle (kg) Tw: Mass of water per spin cycle (kg) and PD = Sw / Tw NA and EU approach: Dermal: Direct Exposure during activity/use of: Laundry detergent: hand-washing clothes Laundry detergent: laundry pretreatment Dish detergent: hand-washing dishes Dish detergent: washing hands Dilutable hard surface cleaners Nondilutable hard surface cleaners Dilutable all-purpose cleaners Nondilutable all-purpose cleaners FQ CA PC FT CF TF DA BW FQ: frequency of use (use/day) CA: body surface contact area (cm 2 ) PC: product concentration (g/cm 3 ) FT: film thickness on skin (cm) CF: conversion factor (1,000 mg/g) TF: time scaling factor (unitless) DA: dermal absorption (100%) BW: female body weight (60 kg) 6
What are the exposure factors for products? Exposure factors (habits and practices) for formulated consumer products: Frequency of product use Amount of product per use (dosing) Duration of use (time to rinse-off) 7
Data Sources Regulatory authorities (e.g., EPA Exposure Factors Handbook, EU Technical Guidance Document) Submissions to regulatory authorities (e.g., AISE- CEFIC HERA, AIHC exposure initiative assessments) Published literature Survey data collected by industry associations (i.e., CTFA/PCPC, COLIPA, AISE, SDA/ACI) Member company data 8
Exposure Factor Data Sources Cleaning product habits and practices For laundry, dishwashing & hard surface cleaners North America: SDA/ACI (Sanderson et al., 2006) Europe: AISE/CEFIC HERA Guidance Document (2005) Personal care product habits and practices For 12 product types covering 95% of exposure) U.S.: CTFA/PCPC (Loretz et al., 2005, 2006, 2008) Europe (Hall et al., 2007, 2011) 9
What is the ingredient concentration? SDA 2001 Member Survey Chemical production/importation volume Chemical use by product category (e.g., liquid laundry detergent) Chemical releases to the environment Conditions under which potential worker exposures are mitigated Concentration in formulated products 10
SDA Member Survey Results Minimum/maximum ingredient concentrations Major chemical categories: Aliphatic acids, Aliphatic alcohols, Alkyl sulfates, Amine oxides, Hydrotropes, LAS Five product categories Laundry: 9 product types Dishwashing: 3 product types General Cleaning: 7 product types Personal Care: 15 product types Cosmetics: 4 product types North America, Europe and Japan 11
One-stop Shopping Exposure data for formulated consumer products Risk screening methodology Case studies: peer-reviewed journal articles Ingredient concentration data Available on ACI Science website (aciscience.org) 12
Summary Data are readily available for what ingredients are in cleaning product from manufacturers (http://www.cleaninginstitute.org/ingredientcentral/) Info on exposure models, exposure factors and (some) ingredient concentrations for formulated consumer products are available via ACIScience.org Ingredient concentration data are often proprietary so some educated estimation may be necessary 13
References Hall, B., S. Tozer, B. Safford, M. Coroama, W. Steiling, M.C. Leneveu-Duchemin, C. McNamara, M. Gibney. 2007. European consumer exposure to cosmetic products, a framework for conducting population exposure assessments. Food Chem. Tox. 45: 2097-2108. Hall, B., W. Steiling, B. Safford, M. Coroama, S. Tozer, C. Firmani, C. McNamara, M. Gibney. 2011. European consumer exposure to cosmetic products, a framework for conducting population exposure assessments Part 2. Food Chem. Tox. 49: 408-422. Human and Environmental Risk Assessment on Ingredients of Household Cleaning Products (HERA). 2005. Guidance Document Methodology. Available at: http://www.heraproject.com/files/hera TGD February 2005.pdf Loretz, L.J., A.M. Api, L.M. Barraj, J. Burdick, W.E. Dressler, S.D. Gettings, H. Han Hsu, Y.H.L. Pan, T.A. Re, K.J. Renskers, A. Rothenstein, C.G. Scrafford, C. Sewall. 2005. Exposure data for cosmetic products: lipstick, body lotion, and face cream. Food Chem. Tox. 43:279-291. Loretz, L., A.M. Api, L. Barraj, J. Burdick, D. Davis, W. Dressler, E. Gilberti, G. Jarrett, S. Mann, Y.H.L. Pan, T. Re, K. Renskers, C. Scrafford, S. Vater. 2006. Exposure data for personal care products: Hairspray, spray perfume, liquid foundation, shampoo, body wash, and solid antiperspirant. Food Chem. Tox. 44: 2008-2018. Loretz, L.J., A.M. Api, L. Babcock, L.M. Barraj, J. Burdick, K.C. Cater, G. Jarrett, S. Mann, Y.H.L. Pan, T.A. Re, K.J. Renskers, C.G. Scrafford. 2008. Exposure data for cosmetic products: Facial cleanser, hair conditioner, and eye shadow. Food Chem. Tox. 46: 1516-1524. Sanderson, H. J.L. Counts, K.L. Stanton and R.I. Sedlak. 2006. Exposure and prioritization human screening data and methods for high production volume chemicals in consumer products: Amine oxides, a case study. Risk Analysis 26(6): 1637-1657. 14
Thank You Dr. Paul C. DeLeo Senior Director, Environmental Safety American Cleaning Institute 1331 L Street, N.W., Suite 650 Washington, D.C. 20005 202-662-2516 pdeleo@cleaninginstitute.org http://www.aciscience.org 15