0191 2017 REPORT 1(a) Name three properties of colour Answer: i) Hue ii) Value iii) Intensity Majority of students/ candidates responded fairly well on this question they gave answers such as hue and value. However there was confusion on intensity as some candidates wrote it as integrity; some even went further to give answers such as tint or tone. B (i) state the emotional and cultural association of the following colours Answer: Black mourning, sorrow, mystery White peace, hope, purity Green freshness, rest, growth Most candidates responded well on this question they were able to give answers such as black mourning on the other hand they posted confusion on morning and mourning. White for peace was a very popular answer. Green instead of giving an illusion such as rest, they associated it with prosperity. b) (i) explain how the following colour harmonies are achieved and give an example in each case Answer: complimentary harmony: a combination of colours opposite each other on the colour wheel these are strong bold combinations and make each other lock stronger. eg yellow and purple, red and green, blue and orange Monochromatic harmony: a combination which uses one hue in varying values and intensities which are achieved by adding black or white to the hue eg maroon to pink: beige to brown 1
Most students did not get this question quiet well this was evident in the responses they gave e.g complementary harmony is the colour that has the same effects together, Analogues harmony are colours that are side by on the colour wheel. Monochromatic harmony are combined to give rise to a totally different colour e.g yellow and blue B (ii) State how colour is imprinted on various fabrics ANSWER By dyeing, tie and dye, batik By pigmenting By painting (any painting method) Many candidates answered this question very well candidates were able to give answers such as dyeing, pigmenting and painting they even went further to give explanation on definitions of these concepts (dyeing, painting etc C (i) Explain the importance of colour in wardrobe planning when buying ready made clothes ANSWER Basic Colour enables one to select matching or complementing colours Colour and figure- dark or dull colours recede while light or bright colours advance Colour and texture rough, dull textures soften light while smooth, shiny texture rough, dull textures soften light while smooth, shiny textures intensify colour Complexion colours should be becoming to the skin tone Occasion some colours are appropriate for sports or outdoor parties Personality choose colours that suit the mood e.g bright colours for dynamic or vivacious type and subdued tones for shy type. Mostly candidates mistook wardrobe planning for the dressing locker/ cabinet arrangement, not collection of clothes with different colours. They gave answers such as buy clothes that will match and give shape to the wardrobe, or wardrobe is opened it must be impressive. This question proved to be a challenge too many candidates e.g. put clothes in order, so that they do not dye each other, colours can t be mixed. 2
(d) Compare the following retail clothing outlets ANSWER High street retailers Shops and stalls in towns or city centres are at places where there is business ii) Internet shopping consumers buy goods or services directly from the supplier electronically or ever internet using a web browser. iii) Mail order: The sale is selected from the catalogue and delivered directly to an address given by customer. Most candidates gave relevant responses they were aware of the definitions of these retail outlets however some were confused by the word email and mail. (e) Suggest how the following components can be used to embellish women s Mokorotlo hat (Basotho hat). COMPONENTS Clay beads Bias binding Thread eg embroidery thread cotton Thread, lesika any relevant Thread HOW TO EMBELISH Can be used on the brim Or all over the hat Can bind the edges Of the brim Different colours of thread Can be sworn to decorate All over or partial Many candidates gave appropriated answers like glue them together on top of the hat by making an art though there were some challenges in expression where candidates gave unclear answers such as to decorate, to make garment fit well. (f) Define and give an example of an eco friendly textile. 3
ANSWER Fabrics that reduce or have no pollution, impact to the environment Jute, flax, hemp, ramie, abaca, bamboo (used for viscose) soy, corn banana, pine apple, beech wood (used for rayon) are all eco friendly as are wool, silk, angora, camel, alpaca, llama, vicuna, cashmere and mohair. Textiles manufactured from natural materials include lyocell and polylactic acid (PLA) Recycled textiles whether as fibres or fabrics are eco friendly Many candidates confused eco friendly textile with allergic reacting garments that do not irritate the skin e.g eco friendly textiles that make the wearer comfortable not causing any allergies on the skin of the wearer. (g) Name a well known fashion designer of your choice and outline some of his/her inspirations. ANSWER (i) A well known designer, locally/ internationally (ii) Inspiration eg colours nature history, texture etc Almost every candidate answered this question very well they are spot on about the fashion designers. They were able to identify well renowned fashion designers from South Africa to overseas countries H. Suggest three smart textiles to be used on the jacket above and give reasons for your choice. Materials encapsulated with beneficial oils or sunblock. Materials that will change colour eg reflective inks Materials with insulating properties A print with conductive inks to keep track or respond to light, heat or music Material which will protect from ultra violet rays 4
This question was poorly done many candidates gave answers such as cotton, fleece, linen; few gave appropriate answers eg reflective inks micro encapsulation. SECTION B 2(a) Identify three types of hem finishes found on textile item Straight hems Narrow hems Shaped hems This question was less popular in many centres. Most candidates did not attempt it. Those who did couldn t identify the difference between types of pockets with the examples of types e.g instead of giving a narrow hem as one of the types they gave piped hem as an answer yet it is the example of the narrow hem. Few managed to give straight hems, shaped hems. (b) State the two factors which determine the method of finishing the hemline. ANSWER The texture of the fabric The style of the article The depth/width of a hem Thickness of fabric Whether it is machined or worked Quiet a good number of candidates managed to give correct answers such as the texture of fabric, the width of a hem. While others gave answers such as type of fabric, hem finishes eg web hemming or piped hems. c. Suggest a suitable hem to use on the following fabrics. Give reasons for your choices 5
EXPECTED ANSWER FABRIC SUITABLE HEM REASON FOR CHOICE Narrow or rolled hem suitable Suitable for light weight (i) Chiffon for light weight fabrics fabrics (ii) Velvet Wide hem or bond hem It is suitable for the texture A single folded hand It is suitable for woven fabrics (iii) Polyester gingham worked hem CANDIDATES RESPONSES Students responses varied on this question some were able to give correct answers e.g narrow hem. However there were some who gave answers such as machine stitched hem that needed a little folding. (d) Describe in detail the method of making a hand worked hem on a straight skirt made from gaberdine fabric. EXPECTED ANSWER Neaten the raw edges of the skirt Measure and fold the hem 3-4 cm Tack the hem in place and hand stitch the hem by slip hemming, catch stitch or herring bone. STUDENT RESPONSES Many gave appropriate answers like fold 0.5cm, neaten the raw edges and apply the hemming stitches. (e) Explain using sketches how to work piped hem on a flared Seshoeshoe skirt. 6
Cover the piping cord with a bias strips and stitch close to the cord using zipper foot. Pin and tack piping to the right side of the skirt Sandwich the piping cord with facing Stitch with zipper foot Trim, grade and notch seam, press towards the facing CANDIDATES RESPONSES Fold 0.5 of the skirt and iron it flat, pin and tack piping into place. Machine stitch, iron or press. QUESTION 3 The popular question in most centres Most questions were based on the diagram of a fashion dress fig 2 a) Identify the four types of style lines shown in fig 2 Vertical lines created by the drope of the dress and darts lines Horizontal lines created by seam line and the hand line diagonal/ Slanted line created by the detail on the bodice/ a trimming on the bodice Curved line created by the shaped neck edge and the bust areas Majority of candidates were able to mention two or three style lines correctly but some had answers such as parallel lines, straight lines, waistlines hemline etc. (ii) Explain the optical illusion created by each of the style lines in (a) (i) Optical illusion refers to the effect which is created by these style lines. 7
WERE Vertical lines give illusion of length/slenderness Horizontal lines width / broaden Diagonal lines create an angle and give impression of width or length depending on the size/length of line Curved lines add roundness and a look of greater weight/emphasize the roundness of human body. CANDIDATES RESPONSES Candidates managed to give illusion created by horizontal and vertical lines. Majority did not know the effect created by diagonal and curved lines. Some candidates answers showed that they did not know anything about style lines, they gave answers such as to: Decorate the garment Control fullness Indate dartline etc b) Discuss the information that should be provided on the labels attached to the fashion dress in fig 2 Label refers to the information that is given to consumers about the product. This information is written on stamped, or attached to the product. The information is about: Care symbols which help consumers with proper care of product. Fibre content indicate the fibre(s) which used in the manufacturing of the product Specifications of the item or size/measurement for fit Manufacturer or designers label for quality of the item Country of origin Special notice to consumers e.g performance characteristics, legal factors 8
Majority of candidates did not do well on this question; they only gave different care symbols as a result lost marks. c) Discuss three ways in which textiles imports on the environment impact refers to. Is a process of evaluating the possible beneficial and adverse environmental impacts/effects/influence to the environment. Discussion on water pollution Air pollution Noise pollution which are brought about the chemicals and dyes used in the production of textiles. Majority of candidates did well on this part. They were able to bring about human health, some responses on socio economic. QUESTION 4 This question was based on the use of ICT in textile production/manufacture. ICT is used in industries to design and make products. Centres/candidates must be exposed to the use of computers. a) Sketch and label an original design idea for a logo to be used on a sports t-shirt. Majority of candidates were able to sketch interesting ideas for their favourable teams/ sports. Very few imitated logos of their centres as well as known logos for sportswear eg addidas, nike etc b) List 4 advantages of using CAD to design a logo CAD stands for computer aided designs. Information can be transported or stored electronically 9
Designs can be seen from different angles More complex designs can be created Different colours can be explored before designs are produced Far as near customers can participate on the design It saves time Majority of candidates did well on this part c) Briefly explain how logo designed in (b) can be applied to sports T shirt using CAM. Candidates can be sent to places where school logos are embroidered/ printed to have a better understanding how CAM can be used. A logo is designed on a computer The information is transferred to embroidery machine Machine produces an identical logo The logo is machined on the T shirt Use software which enables design ideas to be transformed into stitches and colours. CANDIDATES RESPONSES Showed that they did not know anything about computers, however some candidates had a clue about the use of embroidery machines d) Identify 4 health and safety issues to be considered when manufacturing textile products. Health and safety issues involve every possible precaution which needs to be considered when designing items, manufacturing items as well as end use of the items. Safety with people e.g. use of protective clothing follow safety rules 10
Safety with equipment possible procedures in order to reduce risk of accidents with machinery Safety with materials storage and labeling of chemicals, ventilation etc Disposal of chemicals Majority of candidates did well on this part they were able to give and explain health and safety issues at work place with relevant examples. However, some candidates did not know. Some gave one example repeatedly. e) Explain the strategies used by manufacturer to ensure that their products make profit EXPECTED ANSWER Advertising/marketing products Carry and market research of a product at design stage to ensure what customers want Cost materials and production costs Ensure quality Majority of candidates were able to raise good points which scored them good marks. However, some candidates collaborated more on only one point. QUESTION 5 (a) Identify three different pockets found on fashion garments ANSWER: 1. Patch pockets 2. Seam pockets 3. Faced pockets 11
STUDENTS RESPONSES Many students responded fairly well on this question they managed to give answers like patch pockets, seam pockets. However there were still few who had challenges, who gave answers like decorative pocket and side pockets. (b) Describe the purposes off the pockets on garment and give examples. Pockets are used to decorate or to improve the style form style lines or rhythm in the style, they can be made from contrast fabric. Pockets are functional to put things e.g children like to put objects such as toys in them, adult keeps things in cases where there are not carrying purses or bags. CANDIDATES RESPONSES Many candidates who attempted this question responded fairly well they gave answers such as functional purposes. However there are a few who gave answers such as pockets control fullness, pockets that increase the volume of garments (c) Using notes and labeled diagrams describe how to work patch pocket with rounded corners : Neaten raw edges of facing on top edge of pocket Fold facing to r.s. along fold line stitch each side on seam line. Trim seam line allowance Turn facing to w.s of pocket Pull ease stitch to shape the curve, notch edges and press flat. Stitch pocket to pants (d) Discuss how a checked fabric can be used to make a patch pocket The pocket can be cut on the bias to give decorative effect or add contrast. The pocket must be cut such that the lines of checks match 12
Bias cut pocket would have to be lined to stop stretching in use Lines of checks must match vertically and horizontally unless the designer wanted to create a decorative effect. STUDENT RESPONSES Many candidates were challenged by this questions the y gave answers such as the checked fabric will increase the body of the garments. Few managed to give answers such as place, a checked patch pocket to create a decorating effect or to match the fabric of the garment. 6. Fleece is a common fabric a) State two uses of fleece fabric Linings Outer garments Blankets CANDIDATES RESPONSES Majority of candidates responded very well on this question. They managed to give answers such as jackets, linings and blankets. B (i) Name the fabric finish that may be applied to fleece fabric. Brushing or napping Stain resistant Water repellent Embossing CANDIDATES RESPONSES 13
Many candidates who answered this question answered correctly they gave answers such as brushing and stain resistant. However there were some who gave answers such as calendaring, satirizing and waterproof. (c) Explain how the fabric finish named in (b)(i) Changes the properties of the fabric. Fleece is a fabric made by brushing fabric finish; its performance characteristics are more or less similar to mapped fabrics. It is warm to the weaver It provides insulation It has a soft, fuzzy appearance because of nap/raised surface It has lustrous appearance when pressed flat Majority of candidates did well on this part, they scored good marks. d) Suggest on the type of seam to be used when joining pattern pieces made from velvet fabric. Give reason for choice of seam. Velvet is a common fabric and fashionable It is one of fabrics with nap : Plain/single seam is suitable REASONS: Velvet tends to pucker or uneven feeding of the fabric causes purchased seams. It is easy to cut pile to reduce bulk on the seam Seams need to be stitched in one direction of pile unlike other seams. 14
The seam allows placing tissue paper between layers of the fabric for smooth running and loose teasion for the seam. The seam allows careful and less handling like other seams Seam can be neated by zig-zag, pinking, binding or overlockes Majority of candidates did not do well on this part, they managed to correctly name the seam, but could not get correct reasons e) Compare the use of natural and synthetic dyes. Natural dyes are from plants such as letjoi, berries, and pickle pear etc, soil etc synthetic dyes are chemical based Candidates were to make comparison of the two natural dyes Outcome of colour cannot be predicted Colours are limited Colours are dull They do not dye most fibres Colour fades quickly They need fixing agents/mordants Synthetic dyes Phere is a wide range of uniform colour Colour is predictable Colours are bright Colour is fixed in most cases Majority of candidates did not know about natural and synthetic dyes very few could get few correct answers on synthetic dyes. 15