Sutherland Welles Ltd. INSTRUCTIONS STAINING WOOD Helpful Hint! The Sutherland Welles Ltd Old World Concentrated Stains are the most versatile stains on the market. The high percentage of aniline dye allows a super saturated color or when diluted with the Polymerized Tung Oil Sealer a range of saturations are possible. The colors favor a restoration pallet making it easy to match vintage wood or create an Old World look on new wood.
Sutherland Welles Ltd. Concentrated Stains enhance the natural beauty and graining of any wood. Developing a rich patina takes years - now it is a brush stroke away with our Old World palette. Each of the colors in our line instantly ages any new wood, allowing color matches with vintage woods that are unparalleled. Multiple colors may be layered to antique wood, creating the variegation in wood that occurs over time. Mixing colors gives a multitude of bold or subtle unique variations. The stain is formulated in a concentrated solution to allow you, the finisher, to be the artist and control color value. Diluted with any of the Sealer consistencies of our entire line of wood finishes, the color penetrates deep into the wood fibers bringing out the grain s true definition and develops the rich Old World patina. The Concentrated Stain can also be used without dilution for maximum color intensity. Formulated with our Polymerized Tung Oil, a touch of varnish, low toxic mineral spirits and aniline dyes; these non-pigmented colors are a part of the complete finishing process that guarantees years of enhanced beauty as natural aging of the wood occurs. How much stain should I use? Sutherland Welles Ltd. Why should I use Old World Concentrated Stains? The best way to determine the finishing formula for stain is to develop a sample. In determining the degree of dilution, it is important to use a ratio of stain to Polymerized Tung Oil Sealer that is easy to multiply. (We work with whole parts and half parts. View chart below.) Remember to always record your ratios for future reference. Interior Staining It is better to start with a lighter version of the stain and add incremental parts of stain. Otherwise you are using all your Sealer to dilute a dark solution to the value you desire. After you are satisfied with your sample, you can then calculate the amount of stain and Sealer that you will need to complete an entire project. (This is usually based on square footage) Dilution Schedule for Concentrated Stain Tint Light Medium Dark 1 part stain 1 part stain 1 part stain 1 part stain 8 parts Sealer 6 parts Sealer 4 parts Sealer 2 parts Sealer How do I prep my project for staining? Prep Sanding: Floors:120 grit, Other projects: 220 grit Oxidizer: Do I need to age the wood or temper the grain? Sealer Coat Options 1. Use Polymerized Tung Oil Sealer for even absorption of stain on woods that tend to blotch. 2. Use Murdoch s Hard Sealer to minimize stain absorption and grain stricking. 3. Don t use sealer to create a dark stained surface with lots of stain deposit in the grain.
Oxidizer How do I create the Old World Look? There are projects in the field of restoration finishing that require reproducing an aged look to a floor, cabinetry, walls, wainscoting, etc.. In any application where new wood is put against a naturally aged piece, matching that aged look requires special products to achieve the desired result. Sutherland Welles Ltd. offers two approaches that will make meeting that challenge highly successful. The first is the process of oxidizing the new wood, or instantly aging the wood. The second is the application of our Old World Concentrated Stain. These two systems used together allow you to replicate or match an existing finish. What is Oxidizer? Oxidizer is a chemical called, Potassium Dichromate. The role of the oxidizer is to quickly age wood to give it an older appearance and to soften the grain structure allowing the stain to absorb evenly. This is important for example, when a section of new wood has been used to repair a piece of furniture. You will not be able to match the look of the woods by staining alone; newer wood will simply end up looking new and stained. This can be solved by using Sutherland Welles Ltd. Oxidizer Concentrate. For most woods, oxidizer turns the wood brown. How do I use Oxidizer? Prep Sanding: Floors:120 grit, Other projects: 220 grit Sampes: Test your proposed dilution on either a sample piece of wood or in an inconspicuous location. Adjust the dilution based on your trial. Small projects: Such as furniture, brush on the diluted Oxidizer with a natural bristle or foam brush and allow it to penetrate. Floors: Oxidizer can be applied with a brush for edges and a lambs wool applicator for the remaining surfaces. It is important to always keep a wet edge as you work your way across the wood floor. Make sure the container holding the oxidizer is on an absorbent mat so it doesn t leave a ring on the wood. Also avoid rolling any pail across the wet wood, especially softwoods as it will compress the wood and leave marks. Vertical Surfaces: Oxidizer should be applied from the bottom to top of wood to avoid drip marks. Dry Time: 3-4 hours Re-Sanding: Floors:120 grit, Other projects: 220 grit Continue: Choose your finishing proces, clear coating or staining. What s the coverage from a gallon of Oxidizer? Approx. 300 sq.ft. per gallon Dilution Schedule for Oxidizer Light Medium Dark 5oz Oxidizing concentrate 5oz Oxidizing concentrate 5oz Oxidizing concentrate 3 gallons water 2 gallons water 1 gallon water
Penetrating Staining Polymerized Tung Oil Sealer Old World Concentrated Stain Brushing on our stain and not wiping allows you to create a range of saturated color as well as adding a layer of protection to the surface. The stain penetrates into the wood creating depth and an Old World patina. - Apply clear coat Sealer - Let cure 6-8 hours - Sand 400 grit (use Mineral Sprits on a rag to clean surface) - Mix Sealer & Stain (use determined Sealer : Stain ratio) - Apply Sealer & Stain mixture step 5: - Apply Sealer & Stain mixture (Adjust stain ratio if needed) step 7: Polymerized Tung Oil Murdoch s Uralkyd 500 Floor Finish Matte, Satin or Gloss Wiping Varnish Murdoch s Table Top Satin or Gloss
Glazing Staining Murdoch s Hard Sealer Old World Concentrated Stain Brushing on our stain and not wiping allows you to create a range of saturated color as well as adding a layer of protection to the surface. Using the Hard Sealer limits the stain penetration into the wood grain creating a glazed appearance and a higher sheen level. - Apply clear coat Hard Sealer - Let cure 6-8 hours - Sand 400 grit (use Mineral Sprits on a rag to clean surface) - Mix Hard Sealer & Stain (use determined Sealer : Stain ratio) - Apply Hard Sealer & Stain mixture step 5: - Apply Hard Sealer & Stain mixture (Adjust stain ratio if needed) step 7: Polymerized Tung Oil Murdoch s Uralkyd 500 Floor Finish Matte, Satin or Gloss Wiping Varnish Murdoch s Table Top Satin or Gloss
Total Saturation Staining Old World Concentrated Stain To create a totally saturated color in the wood omit using a clear Sealer coat and don t dilute the stain. It will require mulitple applications to create a totally saturated color. The sheen increases with each coat of stain. - Apply Stain (use Mineral Sprits on a rag to clean surface) - Apply Stain Repeat steps 1-2 until desired depth of saturation is achieved. Polymerized Tung Oil Wiping Varnish Murdoch s Uralkyd 500 Floor Finish Matte, Satin or Gloss Murdoch s Table Top Satin or Gloss
Rustic Staining Polymerized Tung Oil Sealer Old World Concentrated Stain Wiping the stain will always create a lighter level of stain that allows the color to highlight the grain without drastically altering the color of the wood. We refer to this as our rustic staining process. Using Sealer to clear coat and/or dilute depends on the wood species and the depth of grain deposit desired. - Apply clear coat Sealer - Let cure 6-8 hours - Sand 400 grit (use Mineral Sprits on a rag to clean surface) - Mix Sealer & Stain (use determined Sealer : Stain ratio) - Apply Sealer & Stain mixture - Wipe to desired color depth step 5: - Apply Sealer & Stain mixture (Adjust stain ratio if needed) - Wipe to desired color depth step 7: Polymerized Tung Oil Murdoch s Uralkyd 500 Floor Finish Matte, Satin or Gloss Wiping Varnish Murdoch s Table Top Satin or Gloss
Exterior Staining Exterior Polymerized Tung Oil Sealer & Medium Lustre Marine Spar Varnish We recommend Benjamin Moore and Cabot exterior oil-based semi-transparent pigmented stains for the best color retention. Once stained, top coating with our exterior line completes your project. Our Old World Concentrated stains can be used for tinting maintenance coats. - Apply recommened exterior stain Follow manufactures application & curing guidelines. Exterior Polymerized Tung Oil Sealer step 2 : - Apply Exterior Sealer - Apply Exterior Sealer Exterior Polymerized Tung Oil Medium Luster - Apply Exterior Medium Lustre - Apply Exterior Medium Lustre - Apply Exterior Medium Lustre Marine Spar Varnish - Apply Spar - Apply Spar step 5: - Apply Spar