The Renewed Archaeological Excavations at Lachish ( ) Volumes I - V by David Ussishkin CONTENTS. Supporters of the Lachish Expedition

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1 The Renewed Archaeological Excavations at Lachish ( ) Volumes I - V by CONTENTS Supporters of the Lachish Expedition Epigraph Dedication Preface V VII IX XI VOLUME I, PART I: INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 THE EXPEDITION AND ITS WORK 3 Chapter 2 THE MOUND AND EXCAVATION STRATEGY 23 Chapter 3 A SYNOPSIS OF THE STRATIGRAPHICAL, CHRONOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ISSUES 50 APPENDIX: THE NAME `LACHISH' 120 Ran Zadok Colour Plates I-XIV 123 VOLUME I, PART II: THE BRONZE AGE STRATIGRAPHY AND ARCHITECTURE Chapter 4 AREA P: THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE PALACE 140 Chapter 5 AREA P: THE LATE BRONZE AGE STRATA 188 Chapter 6 AREA P: THE LEVEL VI TEMPLE 215 Chapter 7 AREA D: THE BRONZE AGE STRATA 282 Chapter 8 AREA S: THE LATE BRONZE AGE STRATA 316 Gabriel Barkay and VOLUME II: THE IRON AGE STRATIGRAPHY AND ARCHITECTURE Chapter 9 AREA S: THE IRON AGE STRATA 411 Gabriel Barkay and Chapter 10 THE CITY-GATE COMPLEX A SYNOPSIS OF THE STRATIGRAPHY AND ARCHITECTURE 504

2 THE RESTORATION OF THE CITY-GATE 525 Chapter 11 AREA GW: THE OUTER CITY-GATE 535 Chapter 12 AREA GE: THE INNER CITY-GATE 624 APPENDIX: AN INCISED SENET BOARD GAME 690 Michael Sebbane Chapter 13 AREA R AND THE ASSYRIAN SIEGE 695 APPENDIX: A SUGGESTED RECONSTRUCTION OF AN ASSYRIAN SIEGE MACHINE 765 Chapter 14 AREA PAL.: THE JUDEAN PALACE-FORT 768 VOLUME III: THE PRE-BRONZE AGE AND BRONZE AGE POTTERY AND ARTEFACTS Chapter 15 THE NEOLITHIC, CHALCOLITHIC, EARLY BRONZE AND INTERMEDIATE BRONZE AGE POTTERY 873 Ram Gophna and Noga Blockman Chapter 16 THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE POTTERY FROM AREAS D AND P 900 APPENDIX: A CERAMIC BOOT-SHAPED VESSEL 966 Christa Clamer Chapter 17 THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE CEMETERY 971 Chapter 18 THE POTTERY OF THE LATE BRONZE I PHASE THE AREA P ASSEMBLAGE 1012 THE CYPRIOT BICHROME WARE 1023 Chapter 19 THE LATE BRONZE AGE POTTERY FROM AREA S 1032 Eli Yannai APPENDIX: LAMP-AND-BOWL FOUNDATION DEPOSITS IN AREAS P AND S 1147 Shlomo Bunimovitz and Orna Zimhoni Chapter 20 ADDITIONAL LATE BRONZE AGE POTTERY ASSEMBLAGES THE POTTERY FROM LEVELS P-2 AND P-1 IN AREA P 1155

3 Christa Clamer THE LEVEL VI POTTERY FROM AREAS D AND GE 1235 THE POTTERY FROM THE LEVELS IV-III CONSTRUCTIONAL FILLS 1243 THE LATE CYPRIOT POTTERY 1262 Shlomo Bunimovitz SECTION E: THE NORTHWEST ANATOLIAN GREY WARE 1273 Eli Yannai SECTION F: THE QURAYYAH PAINTED WARE 1280 Chapter 21 THE POTTERY AND ARTEFACTS FROM THE LEVEL VI TEMPLE IN AREA P 1288 Christa Clamer, with an excursus by Mireille Belis APPENDIX: NOTES ON THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY FROM AREA P 1369 Piotr Bienkowski Chapter 22 THE AEGEAN POTTERY CATALOGUE AND DESCRIPTIONS 1373 Vronwy Hankey, Elizabeth French, Susan Sherratt and Pamela Magrill A MYCENAEAN PICTORIAL KRATER FROM LEVEL VI 1426 Vronwy Hankey and Henry Hankey STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF NEUTRON ACTIVATION DATA 1437 Jonathan E. Tomlinson Typological and Chronological Considerations 1446 Elizabeth French and Susan Sherratt Chapter 23 PRE-BRONZE AGE AND BRONZE AGE ARTEFACTS VESSELS, TOOLS, PERSONAL OBJECTS, FIGURATIVE ART AND VARIA 1450 Benjamin Sass, with excursuses by Noga Blockman and Yulia Gottlieb CYLINDER SEALS 1525 Pirhiya Beck

4 SCARABS, STAMP SEAL-AMULETS AND IMPRESSIONS 1537 Othmar Keel CLAY FIGURINES 1572 Raz Kletter SECTION E: A CACHE OF BRONZE ARTEFACTS FROM LEVEL VI 1584 SECTION F: CYLINDRICAL CLAY OBJECTS 1589 Chapter 24 THE LATE BRONZE AGE INSCRIPTIONS AN ALPHABETIC CANAANITE INSCRIPTION 1597 Andre Lemaire THE HIERATIC INSCRIPTIONS 1601 Deborah Sweeney A NEWLY DISCOVERED EGYPTIAN INSCRIPTION 1618 Pamela Magrill, Richard Jasnow and P. Kyle McCarter, Jr. THE INSCRIPTION OF RAMESSES III 1626 Raphael Giveon, Deborah Sweeney and Nir Lalkin SECTION E: THE LINEAR A INSCRIPTION (LACH Za 1 ) 1629 Margalit Finkelberg, Alexander Uchitel and APPENDIX: MICROPALEONTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE BOWL BEARING THE LINEAR A INSCRIPTION 1639 Yoram Eshet VOLUME V: SUPPLEMENTARY STUDIES Chapter 31 THE CHIPPED STONE ASSEMBLAGES 2197 Steven A. Rosen APPENDIX: A RECONSTRUCTED SICKLE FROM AREA GE 2226 Ilana Mozel Chapter 32 ARCHAEOBOTANICAL AND PALYNOLOGICAL STUDIES THE ARCHAEOBOTANICAL REMAINS 2230 Nili Liphschitz

5 POLLEN ANALYSES: ON ENVIRONMENT AND SUBSISTENCE and Aharon Horowitz 2248 Israel Drori Chapter 33 ARCHAEOZOOLOGICAL STUDIES THE OSTEOLOGICAL REMAINS (MAMMALIAN AND AVIAN) 2254 APPENDIX I: A CATALOGUE OF THE BIRD REMAINS 2349 APPENDIX II: SELECTED METRICAL DATA 2354 APPENDIX III: ELEMENT FREQUENCIES BY PERIOD FOR THE MAIN ANIMALS 2415 APPENDIX IV: MINIMUM NUMBERS OF INDIVIDUALS (MNI) OF THE MAIN DOMESTIC ANIMALS BY LEVEL 2429 APPENDIX V: WORKED BONE 2430 APPENDIX VI: AN ASSEMBLAGE OF BIRD BONES FROM AREA P 2453 Israel Drori and Eitan Tchernov THE OSTEOLOGICAL REMAINS (AQUATIC) 2456 Omri Lernau and Darn Golani THE MOLLUSC SHELLS 2490 Daniella E. Bar-Yosef Mayer Chapter 34 SKELETAL REMAINS FROM LEVEL VI 2504 Patricia Smith Chapter 35 14C DATES 2508 Israel Carmi and Chapter 36 STUDIES IN POTTERY, PETROGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT AND TECHNOLOGY LATE BRONZE AGE POTTERY TECHNOLOGY: CAVE 4034 REVISITED 2514 Pamela Magrill and Andrew Middleton APPENDIX I: MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF SHELLS AND A BONE POINT FROM CAVE Caroline R. Cartwright

6 APPENDIX II: PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF LATE BRONZE AGE POTTERY 2552 Pamela Magrill and Andrew Middleton SELECTED PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSES 2553 Yuval Goren and Netta Halperin NOTES ON THE GEOLOGY OF THE LACHISH AREA 2569 Aharon Horowitz ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND SETTLEMENT 2575 Arlene M. Rosen SECTION E: MUDBRICK ANALYSES 2582 Arlene M. Rosen SECTION F. THE MICROMORPHOLOGY OF LATE BRONZE AGE MUDBRICK 2593 Paul Goldberg SECTION G: A PUMICE SAMPLE FROM NISYROS 2604 Max Bichler and Martin Exler SECTION H: SELECTED LITHICS 2609 Aryeh E. Shimron SECTION I: SELECTED PLASTER AND GLASSY SAMPLES 2620 Aryeh E. Shimron Chapter 37 METALLURGICAL ANALYSES TWO METAL LUMPS 2656 Sariel Shalev TEN FERROUS ARROWHEADS 2666 Nimrod Shay Chapter 38 RESULTS OF THE SURVEY: SETTLEMENT PATTERNS IN THE LACHISH REGION 2672 Yehuda Dagan APPENDIX: CONVERTING LACHISH INTO A NATIONAL PARK THE PLANS FOR THE NATIONAL PARK 2691 Lawrence Allen Belkin THE EXHIBITION IN THE ENTRANCE BUILDING 2697 Orna Zimhoni

7 Indices List of Walls 2705 List of Loci 2716 Obsolete Locus Numbers in Previous Publications and their Correspondences in the Final Report 2737 General Index 2739