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LIGHTIG FOR INTERIORS COLORS LIGHTING Interior Design Department Third grade/ Fall semester Siba nazem Kady

REVIEW HUE,VALUE, AND SATURATION The Hue Gradation of color within a visible spectrum The Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. It indicates the quantity of light reflected. When referring to pigments, dark values with black added are called shades of the given hue name. Light values with white pigment added are called tints of the hue name The Saturation(Chroma) is the Intensity of a color (The more greyness added the lower saturation

LECTURE (2) Theories of Color Design Color Temperature Color Schemes

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN Many attempts have been made to establish methodologies to evaluate the advantages of certain color combinations.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN 1. Newton's Hue Circle 2. Itten's Color Wheel 3. Munsell's Color Sphere

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN 1. Newton's Hue Circle-1706 In his attempt to develop a theory of color, Newton was the first to understand that colors did not lay on linear chart, but rather existed in a continuum. Isaac Newton split white light into seven colors-orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, and red-arranged on a disk in proportionate slices such that the spinning of the disk would result in the color white.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN 1. Newton's Hue Circle-1706 In his attempt to develop a theory of color, The hue circle is represented by white at the center (0) and the hues arranged in order around the disk. Each hue is given a weight, or proportion,that balances it within the system. Newton closed his system through a mix between red and violet that did not appear in his natural primary spectrum.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN 2. Itten's Color Wheel Johannes Itten developed his color wheel based on primary colors of red, yellow, and blue The three primary colours placed in an equal triangle; yellow at the top, red I the lower right, and the blue in the lower left. About this triangle Itten inscribed a regular hexagon, resulted from mixing the primaries to obtain the three secondary colours as the following: yellow + red = orange, yellow + blue = green, and red + blue = violet. The six colours (primaries and secondaries) mixed carefully generate a 12 sequenced tone of colours such a rainbow or natural spectrum.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN 2. Itten's Color Wheel Itten did not believe in further expanding the wheel to 24- or 100-hue wheels, as the dilution(decrease) of the naming system he established made it difficult to easily identify color distinctions.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN 3. The Munsell Model In the early 1900s, the American Albert Munsell developed a system of color analysis based around hue value, and Chroma.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN Munsell's Color Sphere Starting with a circular relationship of hues, Munsell established a decimal notational system to describe the transitional relationship as one color is identified from another.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN 4. The Munsell Model In Munsell's system, hue is arranged around the perimeter of a sphere, value as it moves from the top pole (light) to the bottom (dark). And Chroma as it moves toward the center. Munsell also developed the color names that made it easy to identify any color in his system. R 5/10 would be red, value 5, chroma 10.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN Hue, Saturation, and Brightness In most software applications, color can be chosen using the Hue, Saturation, and Brightness (HSB) model (also referred to as Hue, Saturation, and Value). Hue is measured in degrees from 0 to 360; saturation determines the vibrancy as the color moves toward white; and brightness changes the darkness of a color. Saturation and brightness are measured in percentages.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN Munsell also limited the nomenclature(name) of his color system, referring to orange as red-yellow to avoid confusion. Munsell developed what he called the color tree.

THEORIES OF COLOR DESIGN These systems serve as a starting point in understanding the complex relationships of balance, proportion, harmony, and effect that combinations of colors can produce.

COLOR TEMPERATURE Color, has a temperature. Color can be described as being warm (reds, oranges, yellows) or cold (blues, greens). Neutrals (whites, grays) also have ranges of temperatures. Whites can shift in tone from cool to warm, and the change in temperature can enhance and tie together a color scheme. Grays, too, have temperature. In the Pantone color system, cool grays tend toward blue, while warm grays gradate toward brown.

Color schemes are the result of turning color combinations into a set of rules for an interior palette. Grounded in color theory, the designer can creatively select and organize color in harmonious combinations.

there are six "classic" combinations of color: 1. monochromatic, 2. analogous, 3. complementary, 4. split complementary, 5. triadic, 6. tetradic.

1. Monochromatic The examples below use a fullsaturation color wheel, but the designer can vary both saturation and brightness.

1. Monochromatic carefully

1. Monochromatic

2. Analogous

3. Complementary

4. Split Complementary Is one hue on one side of the color wheel and two hues on either side of its complement.

4. Split Complementary

5. Triads

6. Tetrads

Discordant Colors for Special Effect Some Times breaking the rules of color harmony is useful and very effective. So far all of the color harmony principles discussed describe fairly symmetrical color balance. However, perfect color harmony can be boring. A strong discordant color thrown into a scheme can make the design more dynamic. Discordant colors can also be used to make attention or to add an element of surprise. The important consideration is whether the color is drawing attention to the right thing at the right time.

Discordant Colors for Special Effect