VIKING AGE SCANDINAVIA

Transcription

1 Course description

2 The Aarhus University International Summer University ( July 2012) VIKING AGE SCANDINAVIA Course description Welcome Welcome to the Aarhus University International Summer University course VIKING AGE SCANDINAVIA! The course will give you the chance to follow in the steps of the Vikings for three weeks of intensive studies together with fellow international students and renowned lecturers on the field. As an intensive short session program, the course is designed to give you a brief but challenging introduction to the fascinating world of the Vikings. This course description is intended to provide you with an overview of the course, including the program, literature, excursions and other activities. If you have any questions concerning the contents of the course please contact the course coordinators via . On behalf of the team, Andres S. Dobat (coordinator) Period: July 2012 Location: Campus & Moesgård Level of course: BA & MA ECTS: 10 Location: AU Campus & Moesgård Course coordinators: Andres S. Dobat (farkado@hum.au.dk) and Sarah Croix (marksc@hum.au.dk) Language: Students are expected to have a good command of the English language (able to read the relevant literature, write and follow the teaching). Background During the Viking Age (c AD), Scandinavians suddenly enter the scene of the world known at that time. They were to leave their mark all over Europe and beyond, and contributed to shaping the world we live in today. The Viking Age (c AD) stands as an essentially formative period of European history. The Scandinavians enter the world known at that time in many different ways. With their discovery and colonization of Iceland, Greenland and America the Vikings expand the borders of the known world. At the same time, the societies in the Viking homelands (Denmark, Norway and Sweden) go through a process of fundamental transformations, leading to the development of important places and institutions. In this way, the Vikings have left their mark and contributed to shaping the world that we are living in today, both in Scandinavia and most of Europe. Subjects include various aspects of Viking history and society: social structures and social change gender economy and trade culture, art and technology the new societies of the North Atlantic settlements and towns ships and travel rune-stones and oral traditions sagas and mythology weapons and warfare religion and early Christianity etc.

3 Teaching We shall examine Viking-Age Scandinavia as an interdisciplinary area study, concentrating on archaeology and textual sources. The course will focus on current research and discoveries as well as ongoing debates. Instructions will include lectures by leading Viking scholars as well as group work, exercises and discussions. In addition, we will have some practical exercises and hands-on demonstrations of original artifacts. Excursions and museum visits will take us to some of the most famous sites and monuments of the Viking Age. Preparation for the course: Although it is not a pre-requisite for attending the course, a basic knowledge of Viking Age Scandinavia is recommended. We recommend the following book: S. Brink (ed.) 2008: The Viking World. London/New York: Routledge. The book provides an up to date overview of the present state of knowledge on all aspects of Viking culture and society! Many chapters are included in the reading list of the course. Definitely the first choice for those who want to study the subject of the course! Until recently it was only available as a handy but extremely expensive hardback version. Now, you can also purchase a much cheaper paperback edition. Program and reading-list A detailed program and a reading-list will be distributed prior to the course (see below). Due to strict restrictions in the Danish copyright regulation the teachers are not allowed to distribute the reading material prior to the course. This goes especially for digital versions. You are encouraged to obtain the literature at Moesgård or the central AU library and organize the distribution of copies among the course participants. The teachers will assist in the search of literature if necessary.

4 Examination Attendance at lectures is compulsory (except excursions), and students are expected to participate actively in discussions. Full participation in the course and a written examination will earn 10 ECTS. Grading is based on the academic regulations under the auspices of the Board of Studies for the Department of Culture and Society according to the 7-point grading scale, with internal co-examiner. Upon request, and with the permission of both examiners, the exam paper may be written in one of the Scandinavian languages; otherwise papers must be in English. Examination (for BA students under the study regulations of HUM-fag at Prehistoric Archaeology) Attendance at lectures is compulsory (except excursions), and students are expected to participate actively in discussions. Full participation in the course and a written examination will earn 10 ECTS. Students will have to attend a written examination (4 hours) at the end of the course. Questions will focus on central topics within the course s subject and current debates in Viking Age research. Grading is based on the academic regulations under the auspices of the Board of Studies for the Department of Culture and Society. Examination (for MA [KA] students under the study regulations of Medieval Archaeology) Attendance at lectures is compulsory (except excursions), and students are expected to participate actively in discussions. Full participation in the course and a written examination will earn 10 ECTS. Students will have to attend a written examination (4 hours) at the end of the course. Questions will focus on central topics within the course s subject and current debates in Viking Age research (Questions will differ from the ones on BA-level). Grading is based on the academic regulations under the auspices of the Board of Studies for the Department of Culture and Society. The teachers Responsible for the course is assistant professor Andres S. Dobat (AD) and external lecturer Sarah Croix (SC) from the Department of Culture and Society at Aarhus University. For more information see: and In addition you will meet guest lecturers from Denmark and abroad: (AE) Anton Englert, Museum Curator, PhD, The Viking Ship Museum, Roskilde. (JPS) Jens Peter Schjødt, Professor, Dr.Phil., Department of Culture and Society - Study of Religion, University of Aarhus. (LI) Lisbeth Imer, Museum Curator, PhD, The National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen. (MN) Mathias Nordvig, PhD research student, Department of Aesthetics and Communication - Scandinavian Institute, University of Aarhus. (SHJ) Sara Heil Jensen, Project leader "Vikinger på tværs", MA, Moesgård Museum, Aarhus. (SS) Søren Sindbæk, Associate Professor, PhD, Department of Culture and Society - Section for Medieval and Renaissance Archaeology, University of Aarhus / Dept. of Archaeology, University of York. (UP) Unn Pedersen, Researcher, PhD, Institute of Archaeology, Preservation and History, University of Oslo. Social program AU International Centre has arranged a social program for the participants of the summer university courses. Sign up for the different activities here: NB! Check the program for days on which the course program might overlap with the social program!

5 Facebook We have opened the Facebook group for the course: AU Summer University Viking Age Scandinavia. It is primarily meant to provide a forum for you (the students) to meet each other prior to the course. Program (may be subject to minor changes): Monday 02/07: Welcome (AD / SC) Tuesday 03/07 Course introduction (AD / SC) Viking Age Scandinavia: introduction (AD) Viking society (SC) Wednesday 04/07 Trade and trading-places (SS) Ship and seafaring (AE) Town tour: Viking and Medieval Aarhus (AD) (see the excursion program below) Social gathering: St Clemens Brewery Thursday 05/07 Runes and rune-stones (LI) Written sources (MN) Isotopes and the North Atlantic expansion (TDP) Friday 06/07 Crafts and craftspeople (UP) Hands-on (AD / SC) Saturday 07/07 and Sunday 08/07 Days off Monday 09/07 Hands-on (AD / SC) Dwellings and settlements (SC)

6 Tuesday 10/07 Excursion to Jelling and Ribe (see the excursion program below) Wednesday 11/07 Viking Age religions and mythology: a literary perspective (JPS) Viking Age religions and mythology: an archaeological perspective (AD) Thursday 12/07 Warfare and military organization (AD) Kings, aristocracy and state formations (AD) Elites in life and death (SC) Gender and family (SC) Friday 13/07 Expansion: England (AD) Expansion: the Continent (AD) Expansion: Eastern Europe (AD/SC) Expansion: the North Atlantic (SC) Saturday 14/07 and Sunday 15/07 Days off Monday 16/07 Seven Vikings: visit and practical Vikings: Perception and representation (SHJ) Tuesday 17/07 MA students presentations Research projects gallery Barbeque party and sleep-over in Viking house Wednesday 18/07 Course evaluation Individual reading Thursday 19/07 Exam Excursions The Viking Age can be studied in various ways through interpretation of the earliest Scandinavian written sources, through investigating material remains, or to read the Viking Age landscape. The Viking Age landscapes were complex, consisting of various types of sites and monuments, all with a very different functional background and very different meaning. Today, these complex landscapes are gone forever, and we can only try to reconstruct them on the basis of various cultural historical sources: Of primary importance are of cause the archaeological finds and monuments with settlements, graves, rune-stones etc. But we can also apply old maps and place names or a retro-perspective from later monuments and conditions in our attempt to read the Viking Age landscape. What would it have looked like, to the right and left of the highway we are traveling on today? What kind of sources can we use to reconstruct at least a shadowy image of this landscape? These are some of the questions we will try to address during our excursions. As buses are expensive in Denmark we have to ask you to contribute to the total costs with a payment of 300 DKK for the trip to Jelling and Ribe. Remember to bring a lunch-packet for the trip! The weather in Denmark can change from day to day so bring proper footwear and clothes for both sunny and rainy days.

7 Excursion into Viking Age Aarhus: The excursion will take us back in time to Viking Age Aarhus, when the town was called Aros. Back then, Aarhus was a thriving community with traders and craftsmen from all over the Viking Age world. The continuous excavations which have been carried out in the last decades provide us with a complex picture of the town, which probably was established as early as the 9 th century. Many of the finds can be seen in the Moesgård Museum and in a special museum in the basement of the NORDEA bank on the Store Torv, in the center of Aarhus. But we can also still see traces of the earliest Aarhus by walking through the city today. Excursion to Jelling and Ribe: The excursion takes us to the southwest of Jutland. Our first stop will be Jelling, the mythological royal court of Harald Bluetooth with the well known rune-stones and burial mounds. Recent excavations, conducted by Aarhus University have given new insights into the character of the place which we will hear about during the course. With Ribe we will be visiting the oldest town in Denmark, which has its roots in the 8 th century Emporium. We will visit the Viking museum and have a guided tour through the medieval town center, where the magnificent Cathedral speaks of the importance of the town in earlier days, and where archaeological excavations are currently on-going. We will also visit the Viking Center outside Ribe, where you can get a firsthand experience of the Viking Age. Reading list We have put together a reading list for the course with articles or book-chapters for each lecture and other activities. The list is meant to give you a basic overview over the subject discussed in the respective lecture, while at the same time providing you with an insight into the cutting-edge research on the field. As an overview we recommend: Brink, S. (ed.) 2008: The Viking World. London/New York. Routledge. Tuesday 03/07 Viking Age Scandinavia: introduction (AD) Barrett, J. H. 2008: What caused the Viking Age? Antiquity 82 (2008) 317, Roesdahl, E. 1982: Viking Age Denmark. London. Colonnade [Country and the People] Roesdahl, E. 1987: The Vikings. London. The Penguin Press [The study of the Viking Age] Coll., 1993: The Iron Age and the Viking Period. In: S. Hvass & B. Storgaard (eds.), Digging into the Past: 25 years of Archaeology in Denmark. Aarhus. Aarhus Universitetsforlag Viking society (SC) Brink, S. 2008: Slavery in the Viking Age. In: S. Brink (ed.) Jørgensen, L. 2003: Manor and Market at Lake Tissø in the Sixth to Eleventh Centuries The Danish Productive Sites. In: T. Pestell & K. Ulmschneider (eds.) Markets in Early Medieval Europe. Trading and Productive sites, Macclesfield. Windgather Sawyer, P. 1982: Kings and Vikings. Scandinavia and Europe AD London/New York. Chapter 4 Scandinavian society, Wednesday 04/07 Trade and trading-places (SS) Ambrosiani, B Birka. In: S. Brink (ed.) Gullbekk, S. H. 2008: Coinage and monetary economics. In: S. Brink (ed.) Hårdh, B. 2010: Case study 2: Uppåkra Lund. A central place and a town? Western Scania in the Viking Age. In: Ludowici, B. et al. (eds.), Trade and communication networks of the first millennium AD in the northern part of Central Europe: central places, beach markets, landing places and trading centres. Neue Studien zur Sachsenforschung 1. Stuttgart. Theiss Feveile, C. 2010: The Vikings of Ribe. Ribe. Den Antikvariske Samling. (screen text and pictures!) Sawyer, P.H. 2003: Markets and Fairs in Norway and Sweden between the Eighth and Sixteenth Centuries. In: T. Pestell & K. Ulmschneider (eds.), Markets in early medieval Europe, Macclesfield. Windgather

8 Sindbæk, S.M. 2007: Trade and exchange, part 2: Northern Europe. In: J. Graham-Campbell & M. Valor (eds.), The Archaeology of Medieval Europe, vol. 1. Aarhus. Aarhus University Press Sindbæk, S. M. 2011: Silver Economies and Social Ties: Long-Distance Interaction, Long-term Investments and why the Viking Age happened. In: J. Graham-Campbell, S. M. Sindbæk, and G. Williams (eds.) Silver Economies, Monetisation & Society in Scandinavia, Aarhus Skre, D. 2007: Post-substantivist Towns and Trade. In: D. Skre (ed.) Means of exchange: Dealing with silver in the Viking Age. Kaupang Excavation Project Publication Series, vol. 2; Norske Oldfunn, vol. XXIII. Aarhus. Aarhus University Press Skre, D. 2008: The development of urbanism in Scandinavia. In: S. Brink (ed.) Ulriksen, J. 1994: Danish sites and settlements with a maritime context, AD Antiquity 68, Ship and seafaring (AE) Bill, J. 2007: Viking ships and the sea. In: Brink (ed.) Bill, J. & E. Roesdahl 2007: Travel and transport. In: Graham-Campbell (ed.) The Archaeology of Medieval Europe vol. 1, Crumlin-Pedersen, O. 2010: Archaeology and the Sea in Scandinavia and Britain. A personal account. Roskilde , & Englert, Anton 2007: Ohthere's voyages seen from a nautical angle. In: Bately, Janet & Anton Englert (eds), Ohthere's Voyages. A late 9th-century account of voyages along the coasts of Norway and Denmark and its cultural context. Maritime Culture of the North 1. Roskilde Englert, Anton 2009: Cargo Ships as Indicators of Commerce and Urbanisation in medieval Denmark In: Engberg, N. et al. (eds), Archaeology of Medieval Towns in the Baltic and North Sea Area. PNM Studies in Archaeology & History 17. Copenhagen Nørgård Jørgensen, A. 2002: Naval bases in Southern Scandinavia from the 7th to the 12th century. In: Nørgård Jørgensen et al. (eds.), Maritime Warfare in Northern Europe. Technology, Organisation, Logistics and Administration 500BC-1500AD. Copenhagen Town tour: Viking and Medieval Aarhus (AD) Skov, H. 2005: Aros , In: A. Damm (ed.), Viking Aros. Højbjerg Thursday 05/07 Runes and rune-stones (LI) Fuglesang, S. H. 1998: Swedish Runestones of the Eleventh Century: Ornament and Dating. In: K. Düwel (ed.), Runeninschriften als Quellen interdisziplinärer Forschung. Abhandlungen des Vierten internationalen Symposiums über Runen und Runeninschriften in Göttingen vom August Ergänzungsbände zum Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde 15. Berlin New York Jesch, J. 1998: Still Standing in Ågersta: Textuality and Literacy in Late Viking-Age Rune Stone Inscriptions. In: K. Düwel (ed.), Runeninschriften als Quellen interdisziplinärer Forschung. Abhandlungen des Vierten internationalen Symposiums über Runen und Runeninschriften in Göttingen vom August Ergänzungsbände zum Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde 15. Berlin New York Sawyer, B. 2000: The Viking-Age Rune-stones. Custom and Commemoration in Early Medieval Scandinavia. Oxford. Read the following chapters: 1.1. The rune stones and their distribution; 1.3. Why were rune-stones erected; 7.1. The rune-stone fashion; 7.2. Late Viking-Age society. Written sources (MN) Jakobsson, Á. 2003: Troublesome children in the sagas of Icelanders, Saga Book xxvii. Jesch, J. 2008: Poetry in the Viking Age. In: S. Brink (ed.) Lönnroth, L. 2008: The Icelandic Sagas. In: S. Brink (ed.) Mitchell, S. 2008: The heroic and legendary sagas. In: S. Brink (ed.) Nordal, G. 2008: The Sagas of Icelanders. In: S. Brink (ed.) Ólason, V. 2005: Family Sagas. In: R. Mc Turk (ed.), A Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature. Blackwell

9 Sigurðsson, G. 2005: Orality and literacy. In: R. Mc Turk (ed.), A Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature. Blackwell Friday 06/07 Crafts and craftspeople (UP) Andersson, E. 2008: Tools, Textile Production and Society in Viking Age Birka. In: M. Gleba, C. Munkholt and M.-L. Nosch (eds), Dressing the Past. Ancient Textiles Series 3. Oxbow Books Armbruster, B. 2004: Goldsmiths' Tools at Hedeby. In: J. Hines, A. Lane & M. Redknap (eds.), Land, Sea and Home. The Society for medieval Archaeology Monograph, vol. 20. Leeds Arwidsson, G. & G. Berg 1983: The Mastermyr Find: A Viking Age Tool Chest from Gotland. Stockholm. Almqvist & Wiksell International. (Skim text and pictures). Gansum, T. 2004: Role the bones from iron to steel. Norwegian Archaeological Review 37(1), Graham-Campbell, J. (ed.) 1994: Viking Art (Box). In: Cultural Atlas of the Viking World. London, Ljungkvist, J. 2008: Handicrafts. In: S. Brink (ed.) Monday 09/07 Dwellings and settlements (SC) Bender Jørgensen, L. 2002: Rural Economy: Ecology, Hunting, Pastoralism, Agricultural and Nutritional Aspects. In: Jesch, J. (ed.), The Scandinavians from the Vendel Period to the Tenth Century. An Ethnographic Perspective. Woodbridge Brink, S. 2008: Naming the land. In: S. Brink (ed.) Fallgren, H.-J. 2008: Farm and village in the Viking Age. In: S. Brink (ed.) Herschend, F. 1993: The origin of the hall in southern Scandinavia. Tor 25, Hvass, S. 1985: Viking Age villages in Denmark new investigations. In: S. Lindquist & B. Radhe (eds.), Society and trade in the Baltic during the Viking Age. Visby Tuesday 10/07 Excursion to Jelling and Ribe (see the excursion program below) Jensen, S The Vikings of Ribe. Ribe. Den Antikvariske Samling. (has been screened for earlier lecture!) Pedersen, A. 2006: The Jelling Monuments Ancient royal memorial and modern world heritage site. In: M. Lerche Nielsen, M. Stoklund & G. Fellows-Jensen (eds.), Runes and their Secrets. Studies in Runology. Copenhagen Wednesday 11/07 Viking Age religions and mythology: a literary perspective (JPS) Clunies Ross, M. 2008: The creation of Old Norse mythology. In: S. Brink (ed.) Gräslund, A.-S. 2008: The material culture of Old Norse religion. In: S. Brink (ed.) Hultgård, A. 2008: The religion of the Vikings. In: S. Brink (ed.) Price, N. 2008: Sorcery and circumpolar traditions in Old Norse belief. In: S. Brink (ed.) Price, N. 2008: Dying and the dead. In: S. Brink (ed.) Raudvere, C. 2008: Popular religion in the Viking Age. In: S. Brink (ed.) Schjødt, J.P. 2008: The Old Norse gods. In: S. Brink (ed.) Sundqvist, O. 2008: Cult leaders, rulers and religion. In: S. Brink (ed.) Steinsland, G. 2008: Rulers as offspring of gods and giantesses: On the mythology of pagan Norse rulership. In: S. Brink (ed.) Viking Age religions and mythology: an archaeological perspective (AD) Brink, S. 2008: Christianization and the emergence of the early Church in Scandinavia. In: S. Brink (ed.) Dobat, A.S. 2006: Bridging Mythology and belief. In: A. Andren, K. Jennbert, & C. Raudvere (eds.), Old Norse Religion in Long Term Perspectives: Origins, Changes and Interactions, an International Conference in Lund, Sweden. Lund. Nordic Academic Press Dobat, A.S. 2006: The king and his cult - The axe-hammer from Sutton Hoo and its implications for the concept of sacral rulership in Early Medieval Europe. Antiquity 80,

10 Jessen, M.D. 2010: Altars and the sacred space: An investigation into the missionary use of portable altars. Rituals Ritual Dynamics and the Science of Ritual. Heidelberg. Jørgensen, L. 2009: Pre-Christian cult at aristocratic residences and settlement complexes in southern Scandinavia in the 3rd 10th centuries AD. In: U. von Freeden, H. Friesinger & E. Wamers (eds.), Glaube, Kult und Herrschaft: Phänomene des Religiösen im Jahrtausend n. Chr. in Mittel und Nordeuropa. Akten des 59. Internationalen Sachsensymposions und der Grundprobleme der frühgeschichtlichen Entwicklung im Mitteldonauraum. Bonn. Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH Nielsen, J.N. 2008: Sebbersund. In: S. Brink (ed.) Roesdahl, E. 1987: The Vikings. London. The Penguin Press [Conversion] Staecker, J. 2003: The Cross goes North: Christian symbols and Scandinavian women. In: M. Carver (ed.), The Cross goes North Processes of Conversion in Northern Europe, AD Suffolk. The University of York Thursday 12/07 Warfare and military organization (AD) Dobat, A.S. (2009) Danevirke Revisited: An investigation into military and socio-political organization in South Scandinavia (c AD 700 to 1100). Medieval Archaeology 52, Helgesson, B. 2004: Tributes to be spoken of. Sacrifice and Warriors at Uppåkra. I: L. Larsson (red.), Continuity for Centuries. A ceremonial building and its context at Uppåkra, southern Sweden. Uppåkrastudier 10. Lund. Almqvist & Wiksell International Jesch, J. 2010: The warrior ideal in the late Viking Age. In: J. Sheehan & D. Ó Corrain (red.): The Viking Age. Ireland and the West. Proceedings of the Fifteenth Viking Congress. Dublin. Four Courts Press Jørgensen, L. 2001: The Warriors, Soldiers and Conscripts of the Anthropology in Late Roman and Migration Period Archaeology. In: B. Storgaard (ed.), Military Aspects of the Aristocracy in Barbaricum in the Roman and Early Migration Periods. PNM 5. Copenhagen: The National Museum Pedersen, A. 1997: Weapons and riding gear in burials evidence of military and social rank in 10th century Denmark? In: A. Nørgård Jørgensen & B. Clausen (eds.) Military Aspects of Scandinavian Society in a European Perspective AD Copenhagen, Roesdahl, E. 1982: Viking Age Denmark. London. Colonnade [Arms and Fortification] Williams, G. 2008: Raiding and warfare. In: S. Brink (ed.) Kings, aristocracy and state formations (AD) Brink, S. 1999: Social order in the early Scandinavian landscape. In: Ch. Fabech & J. Ringtved (eds.), Settlement and Landscape. Proceedings of a conference in Århus, Denmark, May Højbjerg. Jutland Archaeological Society Christensen, T. 2010: Lejre beyond the legend the archaeological evidence. Siedlungs- und Küstenforschung im südlichen Nordseegebiet, Dobat, A.S. 2009: The State and the Strangers: The Role of External Forces in a Process of State Formation in Viking- Age South Scandinavia (c. AD ). Viking and Medieval Scandinavia 5, Krag, C. 2008: The creation of Norway. In: S. Brink (ed.) Krogh, K.J. 1983: The Royal Viking-Age Monuments at Jelling in the Light of Recent Archaeological Excavations. A Preliminary Report. Acta Archaeologica 53, Randsborg, K. 2008: King s Jelling. Gorm & Thyra s Palace, Harald s Monument & Grave Svend s Cathedral. Acta Archaeologica 79, Roesdahl, E. 2008: The emergence of Denmark and the reign of Harald Bluetooth. In: S. Brink (ed.) Elites in life and death (SC) Hedeager Krag, A. 2005: Denmark-Europe, Dress and Fashion in Denmark s Viking Age. In: A. Rast-Eicher and R. Windler (eds), Archäologische Textilfunde. Archaeological Textiles NESAT IX. Braunwald Müller-Wille, M. 1995: Boat-graves, Old and New Views. In: Crumlin-Pedersen & Munch (eds.), The Ship as Symbol in Prehistoric and Medieval Scandinavia, Näsman, U. & E. Roesdahl 2003: Scandinavian and European perspectives. - Borg I:1. In: G. Stamsø Munch, O.S. Johansen & E. Roesdahl (eds.), Borg in Lofoten: a chieftain's farm in North Norway. Trondheim. Chapter 13,

11 Roesdahl, E. 2006: Aristocratic burial in Late Viking Age Denmark. Custom, Regionality, Conversion. In: C. von Carnap-Bornheim & al. (eds.), Herrschaft Tod Bestattung. Kongreß Kiel Bonn, Gender and family (SC) Jesch, J. 1991: Women in the Viking Age. Woodbridge. Chapter I, Sawyer, B. & P. Sawyer 1993: Medieval Scandinavia: From Conversion to Reformation, circa The Nordic series, vol 17, Minneapolis. Chapter 8 Family and inheritance, and chapter 9 Women: ideal and Reality, Friday 13/07 Expansion: England (AD) Barrett, J. H. 2004: Beyond War or Peace: The Study of Culture Contact in Viking-age Scotland. In: J. Hines, A. Lane and M. Redknap (eds.), Land, Sea and Home. Settlement in the Viking Period. Leeds, Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph Series No Brink, S. (ed.) 2008: The Viking World. London/New York. Routledge (skim the relevant chapters!) Hadley, D. M. 2002: Viking and native: re thinking identity in the Danelaw, Early Medieval Europe 11 (1), Morris, C. D. 1985: Viking Orkney: a survey. In: A. C. Renfrew (ed.), The Prehistory of Orkney BC AD. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press Richards, J. D. 2001: Boundaries and cult centres: Viking burial in Derbyshire. In: J. Graham-Campbell, R. A. Hall, J. Jesch and D. N. Parsons (eds.), Vikings and the Danelaw. Select Papers from the Proceedings of the Thirteenth Viking Congress. Oxford. Oxbow Further reading for interest: Graham-Campbell, J. and C. E. Batey 1998: Vikings in Scotland: An Archaeological Survey. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press. Richards, J. D. 2000: Viking Age England. Stroud. Tempus. Expansion: Eastern Europe (AD/SC) Androshchuk, F. 2009: The Vikings in the East. In: S. Brink (ed.) Frye, R. 2005: Ibn Fadlan's journey to Russia. A tenth century traveller from Baghdad to the Volga River. Princeton. Marcus Wiener Publishers Gräslund, A.-S. 2001: Birka between West and East, Offa 58, Expansion: the North Atlantic (SC) Arneborg, J. 2008: The Norse settlements in Greenland. In: S. Brink (ed.) Buckland, P. 2008: The North Atlantic farm: an environmental view. In: S. Brink (ed.) Sigurðsson, G. 2008: The North Atlantic Expansion. In: S. Brink (ed.) Vésteinsson, O. 2000: The Archaeology of Landnám: Early Settlement in Iceland. In: Fitzhugh, W.W. and E.I. Ward (eds.), Vikings the North Atlantic Saga. Washington Wallace, B. 2008: The discovery of Vínland. In: S. Brink (ed.) Monday 16/07 Vikings: Perception and representation (SHJ) Djupdræt, M. 1998: Billeder af vikingen. København. Skoletjenesten. [screen for images] Müller-Wille, M. 1996: The political misuse of Scandinavian prehistory in the years In: E. Roesdahl & P. Meulengracht Sørensen (eds.), The Waking of Angantyr. The Scandinavian Past in European Culture. Aarhus. Aarhus University Press Wilson, D.M. 1997: Vikinger og guder i europæisk kunst. Højbjerg. Moesgård Museum [screen for images]