#7. Animal hair can be distinguished from human hair because animal hair

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1 High School Forensics Test Division C Mentor 2016 Team#_ Score: _ Names of Participants:_ Multiple Choice and True/False: Hair Analysis True/False A is true; B is false. #1. The shaft of the hair is considered class evidence in a trial. #2. Hair is composed mostly of a protein called cellulose. #3. All hairs on the head of a person are identical #4. Hair can provide clues about someone's ancestry. Multiple Choice: If more than one correct answer than please indicate #5. Human hair has which type of cuticle: a.) Imbricate b.) spinous c.) coronal depigmented i- #6. Which part(s) of a hair can be analyzed for nuclear DNA? a.) Follicle b.) shaft c.) medulla d.) all of the above #7. Animal hair can be distinguished from human hair because animal hair a.) Has a smaller medullary index than human hair and no cortex b.) Does not have a cuticle c.) Always has a continuous medulla pattern d.) Has a greater medullary index and more variation in the cuticle patterns.

2 #8. The period when hair i s naturally shed is called the stage. a.) catagen b.) telogen c.) anagen d.) imagen #9. Although variations can occur, which of the following best describes European hair? a.) Kinky with dense, unevenly distributed pigment b.) Straight or wavy with evenly distributed granules c.) Round cross section with a large diameter d.) Coarse with a thick cuticle and a continuous medulla #10 Which of the following is most likely a result of hair bleaching? a.) Increased number of disulfide bonds b.) Oxidized hair and damaged DNA c.) A more triangular cross section d.) Thickened scales on the cuticle Fibers and Textiles #11. Natural fibers can be harvested from a.) plants and animals b.) only from plants c.) only from animals d.) plants, animals, and minerals

3 #12. The shiny nature of silk can be related to a.) its hollow core b.) its ability to reflect light c.) its smooth, round fibers d.) mucus secretions from the silkwork #13. What characteristics of cotton make it a great source of fiber for clothing? a.) It is a polymer of keratin. b.) It is resistant to staining. c.) The fibers are easily woven and dyed. d.) The fibers are extremely long. #14. Mineral fibers such as asbestos are very durable. These fibers have been used in all of the following exept a.) Rope b.) Shingles c.) Floor tiles d.) Brake linings #15. All of the following are characteristics of a synthetic fiber except a.) They are formed by combining monomer compounds into polymer molecules. b.) They are manufactured. c.) They are used in the production of carpet fibers. d.) They are produced by plants, animals, or other organisms.

4 Pollen and Seeds #16. Botanical evidence is a valuable source of evidence because a.) It is easily overlooked by perpetrators b.) Many plants have adaptations that make them easily transferred. c.) The collection of plants in an area can help identify an area d.) All of the above. #17. Diatoms a.) are visible to the naked eye b.) have a cell wall composed of rigid cellulose c.)are found attached to rocks and plants in bodies of water d.) are used to assist in crime scenes involving insects. #18. All of the following should appear on an evidence label except a.) Postmortem interval b.) Date, time c.) Name of collector d.) Case number True and False Fingerprints #19 Fingerprints are a result of oil and secretions from skin mixing with dirt. #20. Fingerprints are generally considered to be a form of class evidence. #21. Plastic prints must be dusted or treated in order to identify the ridge patterns.

5 #22. The type of powder used to dust prints will vary depending upon the weather conditions when the print is lifted. #23. Fingerprints of the left hand are mirror images of the fingerprints of the right hand. #24. Similar print or ridge patterns can also be found on the toes. #25_There is no established link between the fingerprint patterns of a child and that of their parents. #26_There is no known method of determining the age of a latent print. #27_A ridge that is thinner and shallower than those surrounding it may be termed incipientv\ #28_The fingerprinting acronym ACE-V stands for "analyze, collect, evaluate, and verify #29. Fingerprints are formed a.)shortly after birth. b.) at about two years of age. c.) at 10 weeks gestation d.) at conceptionmany #30. The use of fingerprints in identification is not perfect because a.) The current technology depends on humans to analyze the information, and humans make mistakes. b.) Many people have the exact same fingerprints. c.) People can easily change their fingerprints. d.) All of the above.

6 #31. The presence of two deltas in a fingerprint indicate a.) Scar tissue b.) A print is a whorl pattern c.) A print is a loop pattern d.) A print has a core. True/False: DNA #32. No two persons can have the same DNA profile. #33. Most of the DNA consists of regions that do not code for any proteins. #34. Short tandem repeats are found in highly variable areas of noncoding DNA. #35. The National DNA Index System is a database of DNA from all people arrested in the U.S. that is available to law-enforcement agencies at the local, state, and national levels. #36. A DNA profile of a person describes the person,s sex, eye color, skin color, and facial characteristics. Multiple Choice: #37. Which is true regarding DNA collection? a.) DNA is only collect from suspects in murders and rapes. b.) DNA must be collected in a plastic bag to prevent contamination. c.) DNA evidence is destroyed after five years to reduce storage problems, faced by law-enforcement organizations. d.) DNA evidence found in trace amounts can be used to solve crimes.

7 #38. Where within the DNA molecule is the genetic code? a.) Order of the nitrogen bases b.) Sugar-phosphate groups c.) Introns d.) STRs Blood and Blood Splatters True/False: #39. To determine blood type, Luminol is added to blood. #40. Blood-typing evidence is now used more to exclude a suspect than to identify a suspect. #41. Blood spatter on a wall in a series of rising and falling arcs is often caused by a severed artery. Forensic Entomology True/False: #42. Adult flies are attracted to dead bodies because of the odors. #43. Wasps arrive after the blowflies because they feed on blowfly larvae and eggs. #44. A well-trained forensic entomologist can always determine PMI using insect evidence only. #45. When estimating a postmortem interval, it,s important to factor into the interval the fact that flies and beetles do not lay eggs at night.

8 d.) fresh, Multiple Choice #46. Which is one reason why insect evidence at crime scenes is often not collected? a.) Most insects are only active at night. b.) Insect evidence is only found during active decay. c.) bloated, active decay, advanced decay, dry decay Investigators are often not properly trained to find and collect insects. d.) Insects cannot be found if the body is covered or buried. #47. Which represents the normal sequence of decomposition? a.) active decay, dry bloated, advanced b.) bloated, advanced decay, active decay, dry decay, fresh. c.) dry decay, bloated, active decay, advanced Soil True/False: #48 Soils are mixtures of materials formed from weathered rocks, water, air, and decomposing organisms. #49. Cadaver dogs find bodies due to the odor of gases emitted during decomposition under anaerobic conditions. #50. X-ray diffraction of soil is used to determine its mineral and chemical composition.

9 Multiple Choice: #51. Which of the following is the finest of all soil textures? a.) Silt b.) Loam c.) Clay d.) Sand #52. Which of the following represents an undisturbed soil profile, starting at the surface? a.) Humus, topsoil, sand and silt, subsoil, broken rock, solid rock b.) Topsoil, humus, subsoil, sand and silt, solid rock, broken rock c.) Topsoil, subsoil, humus, sand and silt, solid rock, broken rock d.) None of the above Glass Analysis True/False: #53. The components of most glass are silica, lime, and sodium oxide. #54. High-velocity projectiles such as bullets tend to produce longer radial fractures than a low-velocity strike, such as from a hammer. #55. Metal oxides added to glass produce glass of differing colors. #56. When glass is hit, it bends and stretches before breaking. #57. Two pieces of glass are considered to be from the same original piece of glass if they have the same density, thickenss, and refractive index.

10 Multiple Choice: #58. The refractive index of glass refers to its ability to a.) Bend light b.) Reflect light c.) Absorb light d.) Convert light to heat #59. Becke lines used in glass analysis are used to detect a.) The substance of greater refractive index b.) The direction of impact c.) The relative velocity of a projectile d.) The angle of impact of a projectile #60. A normal line is a line that is a.) Parallel to the surface where two media meet b.) Perpendicular to the surface where two media meet c.) The line of incidence d.) The line of refraction. Polymers True/False: #61 _The difference between HDPE and LDPE is in the amount of crosslinking between the polymer chains. #62 PETE is a condensation polymer.

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