LANDSCAPE SURVEYS AND NEW MONUMENTS DISCOVERED IN 2013

Transcription

1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL IELDWORK IN ESTONIA 2013, LANDSCAPE SURVEYS AND NEW MONUMENTS DISCOVERED IN 2013 RIINA RAMMO Tartu Ülikool, Ajaloo ja areoloogia intituut, Areoloogia oakond (Univerity of Tartu, Intitute of Hitory and Araeology, Department of Araeology), Jakobi 2, Tartu, Etonia, NELE KANGERT Muinukaiteamet (National Heritage Board), Uu 18, Tallinn, Etonia KRISTI TASUJA Tallinna Ülikool, Ajaloo Intituut (Tallinn Univerity, Intitute of Hitory), Rüütli 6, Tallinn, Etonia INTRODUCTION Ti artile ummarie new araeologial dioverie and prominent tray find tat ave reaed intitutional olletion in Etonia during Te table onit of 105 new plae, from wi everal are multi layered omplex ite inluding trae of different objet. Altogeter 114 new ite are lited, inluding 40 ettlement ite, 17 emeterie, 13 oard, 3 arifiial plae, 2 manufaturing ite, 1 amp ite and 38 tray find (Table 1; ig. 1). Te mot ative dioverer of new ite ti year wa C H M S Cemetery, Burial plae / Kalmitu, matmipaik Stray find / Juuleid Hoard / Peitleid Manufaturing ite / Töötumuiti Settlement ite / Aulakot SP Sarifiial plae / Overdamikot CS Camp ite / Laagripaik ig. 1. New araeologial ite diovered in Jn aatal avatatud muitied. Map / Kaart: Kalle Lange 245

2 INSTITUTIONAL LANDSCAPE SURVEYS Intitutional landape urvey are mainly related wit te Department of Araeology at te Univerity of Tartu. A in previou year te main fou wa on Sout Etonia. In 2013 te AAC ativitie took plae in leer extent tan previouly (Ot & Rammo 2013, ; Valk et al., ti volume). Ti year te fou of te projet wa on itori Tartu Maarja pari (Tartu County, led by MA tudent Andre Kimber, TÜ) and pari (Põlva County, led by MA tudent Alo Ervin, TÜ). In pari 15 new ettlement ite from te Pre Viking to te were diovered. Motly te trae of uman ativitie in Medieval and were preent, but in ix ae alo find from Pre Viking and Viking were found (Table 1). Te Kaagvere ettlement ite i one example for long and ontinuouly inabited plae (no. 54). Arvi Kiritaja (MTÜ Areoloogiakeku) wo i dealing wit Setomaa ditrit and i involved alo in AAC ativitie, found dating from te Late Iron until te in four ite witin itori Pankjavita (Kuutina, Pelka and Pankjavita village) and Peteri area (village Kaamenka) on te territory of preent day Ruian ederation. In Kambja pari te aim of te AAC projet wa to inpet and map te natural oly plae (Tartu County, led by PD Marju Kõivupuu, TLÜ). Witin ti urvey one new arifiial tone wa doumented (Kõivupuu 2013, 31). Andre Vindi (TÜ) partiipated in ig. 2. Hirveaar in Lake Koorate Suurjärv (no. 57). numerou reear trip to pari Jn 2. Hirveaar Koorate Suurjärve. in Põlva County, but e alo viited Valga Poto / oto: Andre Vindi and tartu ountie. i ontinuou interriina rammo, nele kangert and KRISTI TASUJA Andre Vindi (TÜ) wit 25 new ite, wo i olding ti poition wit ome exeption (e.g. 2012) already year. Te number of diovered ite in 2013 i omparable wit average reult of year before 2012 (f. Veldi & Jonuk 2012, table 3); tu te udden inreae of diovered ite, reorded lat year (Ot & Rammo 2013) a topped. Te main reaon for ti trend i te lower amount of fieldwork arried on in te frame of te roborder projet Araeology, autority and ommunity (ereafter AAC; Valk et al., ti volume). A uual, te data about new ite i introdued in two group: firt te landape urvey organied by araeologit and intitution, and eondly, te dioverie made by liened earer wit metal detetor. Altoug te overall number of new ite a dereaed, remarkably more information about new finding made by metal deteting (ee below) reaed te National Heritage Board. Te popularity of deteting i growing a well a te ooperation between te detetorit and te MA. Te latter indiate poitive influene of te new amended eritage at tat ame into fore in 2011 (kraut 2012). 246

3 landape UrVeY And new MonUMent diovered in 2013 et in te preitori water bound ettlement lead to te diovery of even new ite on te iland and ore of preent day lake Koorate, Keeri, and Püajärv (no. 57, 85, 93, 94, 97, 98; ig. 2) and te Väike Emajõgi River (no. 99). Tee ite date mainly from te Stone, but alo trae from te Bronze and from te Iron up to te Viking were found. In addition Vindi elped to loate ettlement from variou period wit Andre Tvauri (TÜ) in Jõgeva, Tartu and Võru Countie (no. 35, 87, 88) and wit Karin Vimberg (MA) in Valga County (no. 101). On te iland Klootriaar in Lake Püajärv during te fieldwork on a Stone ettlement ite, a mall depoit find (no. 96) from te wa unearted wit te elp of metal detetor by te exavation team (ee alo Joanon et al., ti volume). Kritiina Joanon (TÜ) and Tõnno Jonuk (EKM) found trae of medieval ativitie on Angunina peninula of te ame lake (no. 95). Some new ite were loated alo in Rapla, Pärnu, Viljandi and Jõgeva Countie. Jüri Metalu (EKM) reported about a medieval ettlement ite in Orgue (no. 75; Juuru rural muniipality), Tõnno Jonuk about a pot medieval ettlement in Pööravere (no. 71; Halinga rural muniipality) and Kaarel Sikk (TÜ) about two Stone ettlement in Mõrdama (no. 70; Vändra rural muniipality) and Kaarli (no. 103; Hallite rural muniipality). Te latter i loated on a mall iland in Õiu wamp, and ene fit well in te water bounded ettlement pattern of Stone known already in Valga, Tartu and Põlva Countie (f. lat paragrap; Ot & Rammo 2013, 299). In Jõgeva County Andre Tvauri reorded one new gla furnae of Era in Pajui (no. 41) and Mauri kiudoo (Ai) tudied a ettlement ite in Võduvere (no. 44). CONTRIBUTION O THE PUBLIC AND USERS O METAL DETECTORS In permit for earing wit deteting tool were iued by te National Heritage Board, wi i 102 liene more tan te year before (Ot & Rammo 2013, 300). 82 araeologial find or find aemblage unearted by detetorit were doumented in te MA. Mainly jewellery fragment, loting aeorie and oin an be named a finding, but alo fragment of weapon and tool were quite numerou (Kangert & Kadaka 2014). A lot of tray find olleted wit te elp of ear devie till need furter tudie to aertain weter tey originate from an araeologial ite. Data about tee find a been gatered motly from te report and review ubmitted by liened earer to te MA. Te majority of te artefat a reaed te araeologial olletion of te univeritie (TÜ, AI) and mueum (e.g. Etonian Hitory Mueum, Pärnu Mueum). Te mot atively eared region in Etonia ontinued to be Ida Viru and Harju Countie (f. Ot & Rammo 2013). In te latter all 16 new dioverie were made by deteting devie and among tee tree new burial plae, two ettlement ite and two oard an be named. Nine tray find need furter inpetion in order to aertain more preiely te ontext of tee find. Rene Vinkler loated two emeterie (no. 8, 12) and olleted find in one ettlement ite tat date from te Late Iron until te togeter wit L. Hanen. A long term ettlement ite wa diovered by Ant Erik in Kulna village (no. 1) and a burial plae by Andrei Rooild (no. 2) in Kõmmate. Numerou tray find mainly of jewellery and dre aeorie were gatered 247

4 riina rammo, nele kangert and KRISTI TASUJA ig. 3. Penannular broo of ilver from Läte (no. 5). Jn 3. Hõbedat oburaudõlg Lätet. (AI 7215.) Poto / oto: Ülle Tamla a well. Noteworty are two Roman oin (no. 10, 13), a 9t entury ro guard (no. 11), and a ilver broo (no. 5, ig. 3). In Ida Viru County, Mikail Stadnik and Eduard Keel found a arifiial plae from te 5t 6t enturie in Kotla (no. 21). After te diovery araeologial field work took plae and a. 700 find, mainly iron tool and weapon, were unearted tere (Ora & Kriika, ti volume). In addition, Stadnik found two oard and everal tray find; four of tem an be related wit burial plae (no. 17, 19, 20, 30) dated to different period. Epeially ri material wa deteted in te viinity of te preent day Puru village (no ). In Lüganue Kalle Kartau diovered two ite wit preitori find (no. 24, 25). Numerou fragment of burnt jewellery from ite no. 24 may indiate to a long term a burial ite wit remation (Poti 2014). In addition, among i find tere i a fragment of a oketed axe (no. 24). Sergei utkin reported about tray find from te Late Iron until te in Peetri and Saka (no. 29, 33; Kotla rural muniipality). On Saaremaa Iland, two ettlement ite (in Länga and Püa, no. 80, 81) and a burial plae (in Karida, no. 77) were loated in 2013 by Tarvo Vaer and Anton Kalla. Te ame men olleted numerou tray find from te iland a well (no , 82). Te find date from te Late Iron until te. In Järva, Lääne, Pärnu, and Rapla Countie four emeterie (no. 48, 50, 69, 74), one arifiial plae (no. 69), one ettlement ite (no. 72) and four tray find were found (no , 73). Partly te find related wit putative burial in tee four ite mentioned in te lat entene originate from te. in one of te emeterie (no. 50, Liivi in Kullamaa rural muniipality) in addition to te burnt artefat remated bone were olleted during araeologial fieldwork (Mandel 2014). A annon ball (no. 47) of 15t 16t entury diovered by Peeter ig. 4. Cannon ball of tin wit tone filling from Kriilevälja (no. 47). Jn 4. Kivitäitega tinat kaurikuul Kriileväljalt. (MA.) Poto / oto: Tarvi Toome Ütt in Kriilevälja i unique. Te ell of te annon ball i made of tin and it i filled wit tone (ig. 4). In addition to te four oard (no. 36, 38, 43, 45) and everal tray artefat found by Detetor- 248

5 landape UrVeY And new MonUMent diovered in 2013 it Club of Jõgevamaa (JDK) te detetorit regitered in te ame ounty a emetery (no. 42), a arifiial plae (no. 39), and a ettlement ite wit find from ditint period (no. 37). An impreive omplex wa found in Laiue (Laiue rural muniipality) were a oin oard from te Viking (no. 39) wa found in a probable arifiial plae (no. 38; Kiudoo, ti volume). In addition, on te bai of olleted lag piee araeologit M. Kiudoo wo examined te plae loated a putative mity in te area (no. 40; kiudoo 2013). In Tartu and Valga Countie in Sout Etonia, tree new burial plae and a ettlement ite (no. 84, 90, 102) ave been found by Igor Tšakuin, Alekandr Kotkin and Ant Erik. Te emetery wit potential remation burial in Õvi (no. 90) date from te Late Iron (Jonuk 2014, 24); te oter two emeterie in Kargaja and Õrute are from te Era (no. 84, 102). Among tray find jewellery (no. 83, 86, 91) and annon ball (no. 89) ave been reorded. Jüri Paa led araeologit to a ite in Võru County in te preent Koemeta village (no. 104) tat an be interpreted a a amp ite for troop during te period of te Ruian Livonian War ( ). Knive, a key, a alk, a annon ball, arrow ead, and a button repreent te era of te Livonian War. In addition, a metal pot from a well wit wooden aing wa found near ti area (ig. 5). Ti year 13 oard were diovered wit ear devie. A eparate artile in te preent volume diue te find at lengt and terefore tey are not toued upon ere: for intane te Viking aemblage (no. 26, 32, 38, 45; Kiudoo, ti volume) and Kõue (no. 3; Kiudoo & Tamla, ti volume). In addition, even aem- ig. 5. A pot made of opper from Koemeta (no. 104). Jn 5. Pada Koemetat. (TÜ 2287.) Poto / oto: Andre Tvauri 249

6 riina rammo, nele kangert and KRISTI TASUJA ig. 6. ragment of a ead ornament made of oin and ain from Koiva village (no. 92). Jn 6. Ketit ja ripatmüntidet peaee Koiva külat. (TÜ 2311.) Poto / oto: Riina Rammo blage oniting mainly of oin and ornament, dating from 16t 17t enturie are lited in te table (no. 6, 31, 36, 43, 52, 92, 100). A fragment of a ead ornament made of oin and ain from Koiva village (no. 92; ig. 6; Taeva rural muniipality) i wort mentioning. Te reaon for te abandonment of te ornament an be related wit te famine in year or te Swedi Poli war in Sout Etonia in te beginning of te 17t entury (Tvauri 2014, 9). In Vaidavere te remain of a wooden et wit nearly opper oin (Swedi öre) from te 17t entury were found (no. 43). Due to te onentration of opper and it onerving qualitie a large piee (38 76 m) of plant fibre textile a preerved. ABOUT THE TABLE A ite i reported in ti table only if te relevant find and information a reaed te araeologial olletion eiter at te Univeritie of Tartu and Tallinn or te loal mueum. Site are lited aording to te ounty of teir loation. Te name of te ite uually refer to te preent day village were it wa found. More information about te ite lited in te table an be obtained from te araeology arive of te Univerity of Tartu (TÜAK) and te Intitute of Hitory (AI) of te Tallinn Univerity. Aknowledgement: Mauri Kiudoo (AI) and Andre Vindi (TÜ) kindly elped to ytematie information and date te olleted find. We are grateful to all araeologit wo ontributed to ompiling te table and to Tarvi Toome, Ülle Tamla (bot AI) and Andre Tvauri (TÜ) for te poto. Ti tudy wa upported by te European Union troug te Regional Development und (Centre of Exellene CECT) and by intitutional reear funding IUT20-7 of te Etonian Minitry of Eduation and Reear. Te fieldwork in Sout Etonia wa upported by ENPI Etonia-Latvia-Ruia roborder ooperation programme in te framework of te Projet Araeology, Autority and Community: Cooperation to Protet Araeologial Heritage (ELRI-191). 250

7 landape UrVeY And new MonUMent diovered in 2013 Table 1. New araeologial ite diovered in Tabel aatal avatatud muitied. Compiled by / Kootanud: Riina Rammo, Nele Kangert, Kriti Tauja C emetery, burial plae / kalmitu, matmipaik tray find / juuleid H oard / peitleid M manufaturing ite / töötumuiti S ettlement ite / aulakot SP arifiial plae / ovrikot CS amp ite / laagripaik No. / Nr Site / Muiti HARJUMAA kulna Kõmmate Kõue leola Läte nutu Paaiku Pala Paunate Paunküla ruu triigi tutermaa Vakjala Vakjala ii Vilivalla Aa edie Type/ Pari / Tüüp Kielkond IDA-VIRUMAA keila riti koe keila Jüri koe Muniipality / Vald keila Padie koe keila kiili koe Harju Jaani Anija koe koe koe Jõelätme koe keila Jüri Jüri arju- Madie lüganue Jõvi koe koe koe Jõelätme koe arku rae rae Padie lüganue Jõvi ind / Leiud Silver oin, jewellery of opper, button Jewellery of opper Silver pendant, penannular brooe, finger ring, oin Item of opper Penannular broo of ilver oin, mount, fragment of iron and opper item ragment of ornament Jewellery of opper Dre pin, bell, pendant, roman oin ro guard Coin, jewellery fragment, roman oin, ruiform pendant Pendant, mount Coin, jewellery of opper Pipe pik, fingerring Coin, jewellery of opper Coin, fire teel, bukle, grinding tone, item of opper Dating / Dateering iron 11t 11t 12t 13t Middle & Viking ; Middle & 3t 9t i alf of 3rd ; 13t 14t, 10t 13t 10t 11t ; Middle Inventory No. / Leiunr AI 7155 MA Ai 7136 Ai 7203 AI 7215 Ai 7220 Ai 7210 Ai 7261 Ai 7219 Ai 7216 MA Ai 7217 Ai 7186 Ai 7214 Ai 7142 Ai 7231 Ai 7227 Ai 7174; Ai 7226 Diovered by / Avatajad A. erik A. rooild Anonymou l. anen r. Annion Anonymou t. tambur r. Vinkler r. Vinkler A. Plu A. karindi r. Vinkler e. klaa S. Tõnion r. Vinkler, l. anen A. erik M. tadnik M. tadnik 251

8 riina rammo, nele kangert and KRISTI TASUJA No. / Nr Site / Muiti Type/ Pari / Tüüp Kielkond Muniipality / Vald ind / Leiud Dating / Dateering Inventory No. / Leiunr Diovered by / Avatajad edie kaula kotla kotla laagna lüganue lüganue Mäetague II ojamaa Pagari Peetri Puru Puru ii Puru iii aka Härjanurme Härjanurme (prev Kuruke) Härjanurme Kuningamäe laiue laiue, P, JÕGEVAMAA, P Jõvi Jõvi Jõvi Jõvi Vaivara lüganue lüganue Jõvi lüganue Jõvi Jõvi Jõvi Jõvi Jõvi lüganue kuri kuri kuri Põltamaa laiue laiue Jõvi Jõvi kotla kotla Vaivara lüganue lüganue Mäetague lüganue Mäetague kotla Jõvi Jõvi Jõvi kotla Puurmani Puurmani Puurmani Põltamaa Jõgeva Jõgeva roman oin, jewellery of opper weigt, braelet, mount Weapon and tool Metal andle Silver oin Bronze axe, fingerring, brooe, braelet, oin Bird aped pendant, ilver oin oin Silver pendant Item of opper Mount Jewellery of opper ; knife ; Middle & oin Silver oin 11t Iron knive Braelet Weel trown Silver bead, pendant, jewellery of ilver and opper tenon axe, braelet, jewellery of opper,, knife Coin, weigt, fragment of ale, animal bone Braelet, nek ring, dre pin, detail of ain arrangement 2nd ; Middle & 5t 6t Middle roman iron, Migration, late iron Viking 12t 11t 14t 17t Middle iron of te Livonian war ( ) roman iron ; 13t ; 11t 12t Ai 7181 Ai 7222 tü 2309 Ai 7224 AI 7175 Ai 7170 Ai 7171 AM MA AI 7225 Ai 7208 Ai 7177; Ai 7223 Ai 7242 Ai 7176; Ai 7178; Ai 7180 Ai 7209 TÜ 2315 tü 2306 TÜ 2358 tü 2291 Ai 7243 Ai 7244 M. tadnik M. tadnik M. tadnik, e. keel M. tadnik M. tadnik k. kartau k. kartau Anonymou P. Malm M. tadnik. utkin M. tadnik d. kurakin M. tadnik. utkin t. Mati A. Tvauri Anonymou U. kuuik, A. Tvauri Anonymou Anonymou 252

9 landape UrVeY And new MonUMent diovered in 2013 No. / Nr Site / Muiti Type/ Pari / Tüüp Kielkond Muniipality / Vald ind / Leiud Dating / Dateering Inventory No. / Leiunr Diovered by / Avatajad laiue Pajui aduküla Vaidavere Võduvere änkküla kuremaa lake JÄRVAMAA M M laiue Põltamaa kuri Maarja- Magdaleena laiue Palamue Palamue Jõgeva Pajui Puurmani Palamue Jõgeva Palamue Palamue ragment of jewellery, lag, animal bone debri of gla prodution Jewellery of opper oin, textile and wood fragment Pottery, lag, braelet, pendant, mount Coin, jewellery of opper Silver pendant early Middle 18t Viking, 17t 11t 11t 13t AI 7255 tü 2246 tü 2314 tü 2310 Ai 7241 MA MA M. kiudoo A. Tvauri, k. Metoja t. Mati Anonymou M. kiudoo Anonymou A. keke Kriilevälja tarbja LÄÄNEMAA laelatu Liivi PÕLVAMAA, Paide Anna anila kullamaa Paide Paide anila kullamaa annon ball Pendant, trap end,ain eparator Penannular broo 12t oin, knife, braelet, penannular broo, oin pendant, owry ell Middle 13t 6t 7t ; 10t ; Middle MA Ai 7213 Ai 7147 Ai 7237 P. Ütt S. Tõnion t. kaldaru J. Ojabtein Abiaare (prev Kukena) Andre iamaru Kaagvere koigera kambja Põlva Valgjärve Põlva Kõllete and-made and Middle weel trown, (inl glazed redware), lay daub, flint oin, brooe, 16t ring, pendant, bell, bead, owry ell Weel trown Middle, tove tile, fragment and-made and Pre-Viking weel trown 16t, gla bead, flint Weel trown Middle Weel trown, Middle tü 2234 Ai 7236 tü 2236 tü 2230 tü 2282 tü 2242 A.-l. Aunroo, k. randoja Anonymou A.-l. Aunroo A.-l. Aunroo, k. randoja A.-l. Aunroo A.-l. Aunroo, K. Kokkov 253

10 riina rammo, nele kangert and KRISTI TASUJA No. / Nr Site / Muiti Type/ Pari / Tüüp Kielkond Muniipality / Vald ind / Leiud Dating / Dateering Inventory No. / Leiunr Diovered by / Avatajad koorate Hirveaar krootue rooti lauri Magari Peri Piigate i (prev Tiki) Piigate ii (prev Tikipalo) Piigate iii (prev Tiki) Puugi (prev tamme) ii Puugi (prev tamme) iii oodoma Valgjärve II PÄRNUMAA leu i ii Mõrdama Pööravere Viluvere reiu, P Põlva Pärnu Jaagupi Vändra Pärnu Jaagupi Pärnu Jaagupi Pärnu Kõllete Põlva Kõllete Kõllete Kõllete Valgjärve Valgjärve Valgjärve alinga Vändra alinga Vändra takuranna and-made Weel trown Weel trown and-made and weel trown Sword abbard ape and-made and weel trown and-made Weel trown and-made and weel trown, fragment of a tripod, lay pipe fragment and-made and weel trown, daub, lag, broo fragment Weel trown and-made and weel trown, tove tile fragment, flint, bone item Coin, pommel, ale weigt, jewellery of opper lint Coin,, oxoe Coin, jewellery of opper Viking 16t 18t 16t 19t Viking Viking, Pre-Viking 11t Middle Viking, late iron 17t/18t, Middle Middle, 18t 19t Pre-Viking 17t/18t Middle tone ; 16t 17t Penannular broo TÜ 2245 tü 2280 tü 2238 tü 2239 tü 2313 tü 2227 tü 2228 tü 2278 tü 2232 tü 2233 tü 2240 tü 2231 AI 7257 tü 2292 tü 2293 Ai 7260 PäMu A 2673 t. türna A.-l. Aunroo A.-l. Aunroo A.-l. Aunroo. ult A.-l. Aunroo, k. randoja A.-l. Aunroo, k. randoja A.-l. Aunroo, K. Kokkov A.-l. Aunroo, k. randoja A.-l. Aunroo, k. randoja A.-l. Aunroo, K. Kokkov A.-l. Aunroo, k. randoja M. Puuram k. ikk T. Jonuk M. Puuram A. luaoja 254

11 landape UrVeY And new MonUMent diovered in 2013 No. / Nr Site / Muiti Type/ Pari / Tüüp Kielkond Muniipality / Vald ind / Leiud Dating / Dateering Inventory No. / Leiunr Diovered by / Avatajad RAPLAMAA Vatja orgue SAAREMAA irae karida kiritu Kõrkküla Länga Püa Suuremõia TARTUMAA, Rapla Juuru kaarma Kärla Püa Kärla Aneküla Püa Muu ketna Juuru kaarma Kärla Pitla Kärla alme Pitla Muu ead of a dre pin, bell, pendant, bukle plate Weel trown Pendant, button, paer, bullet ro guard, belt eparator, bukle plate, ead of dre pin, broo, jewellery of opper Broo, bullet oin Jewellery of opper Coin, finger ring, jewellery of opper, bullet oin,broo, bullet 10t 11t ; Middle & Middle 12t 13t ; Middle 11t 12t ; Middle iron 17t 9t 13t 12t 17t Ai 7234 tü 2409 Ai 7206 Ai 7144; Ai 7232 Ai 7207 Ai 7204 Ai 7233 Ai 7238 AI ano J. Metalu t. Vaer A. kalla t. Vaer t. Vaer A. kalla t. Vaer t. Vaer kardla kargaja keeri Püapalu Raigatvere tilga Uderna iv Vorbue Õvi, tartu- Maarja Kodavere Nõo äki Rõngu Rõngu tartu- Maarja äki Tätvere Vara Nõo Tabivere Rõngu Rõngu Tätvere tartu Braelet 11t 13t Cruiform pendant, finger ring 18t 17t Hand made pot- tone tery, flint item and flake Spiral finger ring Weel trown Weel trown annon ball 16t 17t Middle 16t 17t 16t 18t Jewellery of opper ; tü 2424 tü 2330 tü 2224 TÜ 2295 tü 2288 tü 2261 KVÜÕA tü küra I. Tšakuin A. Vindi. küra A. Tvauri A. Tvauri A. kotkin A. kotkin 255

12 landape UrVeY And new MonUMent diovered in 2013 No. / Nr Site / Muiti Type/ Pari / Tüüp Kielkond Muniipality / Vald ind / Leiud Dating / Dateering Inventory No. / Leiunr Diovered by / Avatajad VALGAMAA Lüllemäe (prev Kirbu) Koiva Purti I (prev kulli) Purti II (prev Põrja) Püajärve Angunina Püajärve klootriaar Püajärve kolga Püajärve Lepaaar oontaga (prev Põrja) Uniküla Vidrike ii Õrute, VILJANDIMAA karula argla Rõngu Rõngu Rõngu angate angate karula Taeva Puka Puka Puka Õru Õru Broo oin, fragment of ead ornament (oin pendant and ain), jewellery of opper and-made, flint item and flake and-made and weel trown Weel trown, knife, flint Jug, andle wik trimmer, bridle fragment, bukle, metal item Hand made, flint flake and-made Hand made, flint flake oin, bead and-made Penannular broo, fragment of annular brooe, plaque roman iron 16t 18t ; Middle tone, iron Bronze, iron, Middle 16t tone tone tone, iron 16t iron 17t tü 2264 tü 2311 tü 2283 tü 2284 tü 2289 TÜ 2259 TÜ 2252 TÜ 2251 TÜ 2285 tü 2319 TÜ 2225 tü 2312 A. kuld A. erik A. Vindi K. Joanon, T. Jonuk K. Joanon, T. Jonuk T. Jonuk, e. ora, M. Veldi, t. türna t. türna t. türna A. Vindi Anonymu k. Vimberg A. erik 103 kaarli VÕRUMAA Paitu allite Hand made, flint tone TÜ 2250 k. ikk koemeta Jaanimäe, karula Peteri Mõnite Meremäe Metal pot, knive, of key, pipe pik, annon ball, arrow nian war te Livo- ead, button ( ) Signet finger ring end of te 16t tü 2287 TÜ 2256 J. Paa, A. Tvauri, A. Vindi. kekküla 256

13 landape UrVeY And new MonUMent diovered in 2013 REERENCES Jonuk, T Ekpertarvamu Tartu maakonnat, Tätvere vallat Vorbue, Õvi, Prota, Metküla ja Luunja vallat Pilka ning Kakumeta leiukotadet. (Manuript in TÜAK.) Kangert, N. & Kadaka, U Areoloogiapärand ja detektoriga obiotijad. Muinukaite aataraamat 2013, Kiudoo, M Laiue ovrikot. Ekpertinnang. (Manuript in MA.) Kraut, A Amendment to te eritage Conervation At regarding protetion of araeologial monument in AVe, 2011, Kõivupuu, M kambja kielkonna areoloogiamäletite ja ajaloolite loodulike püapaikade inventeerimie aruanne. (Manuript in TÜAK.) Mandel. M Liivi aulakot ja põletukalmitu ekpertinnang. (Manuript in MA.) Ot, M. & Rammo, R Landape urvey and new monument diovered in AVE, 2012, Poti, M.-L Arvamu Ida Virumaalt metallidetektoriga korjatud eemete kultuuriväärtue kota. (Manuript in MA.) Tvauri, A Ekpertinnang Valga mk, Taeva vl, Koiva k, Vaitka maaükuelt (Hargla kk) Ant Eriku poolt aatal kogutud leidude kota. (Manuript in TÜAK.) Veldi, M. & Jonuk, T Te problem of forgotten ite: wat to do wit new monument? A ae tudy of long known but left beind ite from ida-virumaa. AVe, 2011,

14 ARCHAEOLOGICAL IELDWORK IN ESTONIA 2013, AASTA MAASTIKUINSPEKTSIOONID JA AVASTATUD MUISTISED Riina Rammo, Nele Kangert ja Kriti Tauja aatal avatatud muititet on meieni jõudnud teave 105 uuet koat. Kuna mitmelt poolt on teada eriaegeid ja tüübilii jälgi inimtegevuet mineviku, ii muitieliikide koguarv on iegi uurem: 114 (jn 1; tabel 1). Nende ulga on 40 aulakota, 17 kalmitut, 13 aaret ja peitleidu, 3 ovrikota, 2 tootmipaika ja ük uuaege õjaväega eotatav laagriae. Liak on tabeli loetletud 38 juuleidu, mille puul leiupaiga ja kontekti edapidine läem uurimine võik anda täpemaid vatueid muitie ieloomu kota aatal avatatud muitite arv on tunduvalt väikem eelnevat aatat, ent obib äti kokku aatate kekmiega. Põju on AAC projekti välitööde tunduvalt väikem mat aatal. Seevatu detektoritega varutatud obiotijad on Muinukaiteametile üle andnud 30 võrra rokem leide võrrelde eelmie aataga ning ellite leiuteadete arv on aata aatalt kavanud aatal jätkuid ütemaatilied maatikuinpektioonid Lõuna Eeti ajaloolite kielkondade eoe piiriülee kootööprojektiga AAC. Projekti välitööd kekenduid aatal Tartu Maarja ja kielkondadele, ku eemärgik oli avatada uui muitieid ja ama kontrollida ka juba teadaolevaid koti. kielkonnat avatati 15 uut aulakota, millet mitmed outuid pikaaege ja pideva inimautuega paikadek (tabel 1). Arvi Kiritaja kogu avinõukilde aulakotadelt (alate nooremat rauaajat kuni uuajani), mi jäävad ajalooliele Setomaa alale, ent tänapäeval paiknevad Venemaal. AAC projekti raame jätku ka töö loodulike püapaikadega (Kõivupuu 2013; Valk jt, käeolev kogumik). Andre Vindi, ke oli el aatal kõige edukam uute muitite leidja (25 kota), jätka järvede ja jõgedega eotud kivi ja rauaaega kuuluvate aulakotade kaarditamit Lõuna Eeti. Tema peamied uurimipiirkonnad olid endielt Valga ja Tartumaa arvukad väikejärved (nr 57, 85, 93, 94, 97, 98; jn 2). Sarnaeid tiedalt veega eotud autujälgi avataid lõppenud aatal ka teied uurijad (nr 95, 103). Püajärve Klootriaarelt pärineb Raereni kivikeraamiline kann koo mitmete rauat tööriitadega (nr 96; vt Joanon jt, käeolev kogumik), mi on ilmelt maae peidetud. Liak tuvatati uuaegne klaaikoja ae Jõgevamaal (nr 41) ja peamielt nooremat rauaajat kuni uuajani ajandatud aulakoti Pärnumaal (nr 70, 71), Raplamaal (nr 75) ja Jõgevamaal (nr 35, 37, 44). Otinguvaendiga obiuurijad teguteid jätkuvalt kõige aktiivemalt Harju ja Ida Virumaal, kut nende leidude ja andmete põjal avatati kaeka uut kalmitut, kolm aulakota, vii aaret, ük ovrikot ja 22 juuleidu (jn 3, 4). Ük täelepanuvääremaid leiukoti oli peamielt ajandie dateeritud Kotla ovrikot (nr 21), mille avataid Miail Stadnik ja Eduard Keel. Areoloogilite uuringutega aadi ealt kokku üle 700 rauat tööriita ja relva (Ora & Kriika, käeolev kogumik). Jõgevamaal avatati neli aaret, ük kalmitu, ük aulakot, ük ovripaik, ük epikoja ae ja kak juuleidu. Näitek Laiuelt avatatud komplek koone ovrikoat (nr 39), mi pärineb nooremat rauaajat ja amat aadi ka iliviikingiaegne aare (nr 38; Kiudoo, käeolev kogumik). Liak leiti amat piirkonnat iliemate areoloogilite välitööde käigu epatööle ieloomulikke jälgi (nr 40; Kiudoo 2013). Lõuna Eeti Tartu, Põlva, Valga ja Võrumaal avatati nii matmipaiku, aulakoti kui ka aardeleide kolm, neile liandu eite juuleidu. Võrumaal Koemeta küla paiknevat leiuala (nr 104; jn 5) võib käitleda Liivi õja aege õjaväe peatupaigana. Koiva külat leitud peaee (nr 92, jn 6) on maapinda jäänud tõenäolielt 17. aj algue. 17. ajandit pärineb ka Vaidaveret leitud raakirt ligi Rooti vakmündiga (nr 43). Rapla, Järva, Lääne, Pärnu ja Saaremaa obiotijate poolt kogutud leiukoad ja uued muitied on amuti loetletud tabeli l. Viimatinimetatud maakonnat, kut viimatel aatatel on uui leiuteateid olnud väe, liandu aatal kak aulakota, ük kalmitu ja vii leiukota (nr 76 82). Tabeli kajatuvad leiud, mi on jõudnud avalikee areoloogiakogudee ning mille leiuandmed on nõuetekoaelt eitatud. 258